What is Influenza
Influenza is acute respiratory infection by flu virus, Route of transmission is spreading through human to human touch, infect by contaminated hands maybe is a Contributing factor.
The following should wash hands: When you before and after meals, eat medicine before, directly touch wild animals and poultry, after going to toilet, done the chores, touched blood, tear, snot, saliva, money or people who got (sick) fever or cough .Every times when you come home from outside and you touch anything from outside, don’t use your hands touch the body part of eyes, ears, nose and mouth. If your hands have virus, Virus will enter your body make you sick form where you touch with your hands. In addition, how to wash your hands by the right way that is important too. we have to wash hands frequently with soap no less than 20 seconds. After you wash your hands, do not use dirty towel to rub your hands, make the virus on your hands again.
All eight eligible studies reported that handwashing lowered risks of respiratory infection, with risk reductions ranging from 6% to 44% [pooled value 24% (95% CI 6-40%)]. Pooling the results of only the seven homogenous studies gave a relative risk of 1.19 (95% CI 1.12%-1.26%), implying that hand cleansing can cut the risk of respiratory infection by 16% (95% CI 11-21%). (Curtis)
As described in the previous literature, after research shown wash the hands can reduce the risk of infection. In the similarly way, develop a good habit of washing your hands will also greatly reduce the chance of getting sick.
Although transmission by droplets，when people cough or sneeze is considered the major route of spread. No matter cough, sneeze, runny nose or vomiting must use tissue, arm or something can cover. But don’t sneeze and cough to the people. Maybe saliva will be attached on your clothes, but at least the virus will stop the spread. Because have much virus of droplets will come out from your mouth or nose, when you cough and sneeze. If noting can use to cover, use the hands, must wash the hands later fast avoid secondary contamination of the other item.
Significant numbers of influenza virus particles are present in the respiratory secretions of infected persons, so infection can be transmitted by sneezing and coughing via large particle droplets (Mogohadami)
Wearing a mask
Wearing a mask can help prevent infection, if you got sick, but you wearing a mask, you don’t have to worry too much about the virus spreading to other people.
Mask wearing is much more useful than hand washing for control of influenza A in the tested office setting. Regular cleaning of high-touch surfaces, which can reduce the infection risk by 2.14%, is recommended and is much more efficient than hand-washing. (Zhang N)
Separating the breathing pathway from the virus-contaminated area in facemasks can provide more effective protection against communicable respiratory infections such as influenza and SARS. (Li Y)
According to the information given by the source, we can know that wearing mask can lower be infected and can effectively isolate viruses, what’s more important is that the way of how to Wear a mask properly. When you wearing your mask before, you have to make sure your hands are cleaned. Choose the fit size mask, make sure covers the mouth, nose and chin completely. After used, the mask should be thrown into the trash and cover, the surgical mask is disposable do not reuse. It is change the mask every 2 to 4 hours. If the mask is contaminated, should be replaced immediately.
Sometimes the body of resistance to the virus is not so strong, People will shot different vaccines to make the body have antibodies against different viruses. Besides the methods described in this article, there is another precautionary measure that is particularly important, that’s the flu shot. “Influenza vaccines are the mainstay of efforts to reduce the substantial health burden from seasonal influenza.” (Fiore AE)In fact, the virus will keep changing. In the view of the practical need of society, medical scientists are working on vaccines for different types of viruses. So we have to shoot the new vaccines of influenza every year. “Newer vaccines should be more and more-broadly protective, stable, easy to manufacture and administer and highly immunogenic across all population groups.” (Domínguez A)
Keeping warm at home is also important, Inside the home should often ventilated, improve indoor air quality, use air conditioning to warm the home, set the temperature not too high, and not too low too. Everyone need to pay attention to the cold to keep warm, to avoid cold and fever.
Available data indicate that exposure to low ambient temperatures or exposure to cold with induced hypothermia increases the risk of upper and lower respiratory infections and death. (Mourtzoukou EG)
Finally, keep the psychological quality is strong, also do not too nervous or panic, as long as the science do personal protection work, can effectively prevent the virus infection. Actions speak louder than words. We have reasons to believe that, if we can do as mentioned above there can be no doubt that when the disease really comes, we will not be afraid to face it when the disease really occurs.
References
- Curtis, Tamer Rabie and Valerie. ‘handwashing and risk of respiratory ;a quantitative systematic review.’ Trop Med Health. (07 March 2006): 255-381.
- Domínguez A, Godoy P, Torner N. ‘The Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination in Different Groups.’ Expert Rev Vaccines. (2016): 15(6):751-764.
- Fiore AE, Bridges CB, Cox NJ. ‘Seasonal influenza vaccines.’ Curr Top Microbiol Immunol (2009): 333：43-82.
- Li Y, Guo YP, Wong KC, Chung WY, Gohel MD, Leung HM. ‘Transmission of communicable respiratory infections and facemasks.’ J Multidiscip Healthc. (2008): 17-27.
- Mogohadami, Mohsen. ‘A Narrative Review of Influenza: A Seasonal and Pandemic Disease.’ Iran J Med Sci. (2017 Jan): 42(1)2-13.
- Mourtzoukou EG, Falagas ME. ‘Exposure to cold and respiratory tract infections.’ Int J Tuberc Lung Dis Sep. 2007: 11(9)938-43.
- Zhang N, Li Y. ‘ Transmission of Influenza A in a Student Office Based on Realistic Person-to-Person Contact and Surface Touch Behaviour.’ Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2018 Aug.9): 15(8).
