The Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Employee Engagement

Introduction

Motivation is internal and external factors that motivate a person to achieve their goal. Employee Engagement is a property of the relationship between an organization and its employees. Therefore, it was important to know the different types of motivations. This assignment will be highlighting intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and some theories of motivation.

Intrinsic Motivation

According to Sophia Bernazzani (2017), Intrinsic Motivation is When you're intrinsically motivated, your behavior is motivated by your internal desire to do something for its own sake -- for example, your personal enjoyment of an activity, or your desire to learn a skill because you're eager to learn.

Someone who swims for his own pleasure to relives pain is on intrinsic motivation. And playing piano on his own because he likes to listen to music is also one of the intrinsic motivations.

Extrinsic Motivation

Extrinsic motivation is when a person is extrinsically motivated, his behavior is motivated by an external activity to do something positive and hope of earning a reward.

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So, completing work for money, Going for a swim to lose weight, and sing a song to prepare for an idol are some examples of external motivation.

Motivational Theories

Motivational theories are very important to know for everyone. Because it focuses on what and how human behavior is motivated. Maslow’s needs hierarchy and Herzberg's theory are some of the main content theories of motivational theories.

However, Maslow’s needs hierarchy is the earliest and most widely known theory of motivation, developed by Abraham Maslow (1943) in the 1940s and 1950s.

A theory of human motivation.

Phycological needs, safety, and security, belongingness, and love, self-esteem, and self-actualization are the order of Maslow’s needs hierarchy. Phycological needs are very important for human beings as well as all living things to be alive. Because People cannot live Without food, water, shelter, and sleep. Therefore, it’s the most important need for everyone to satisfied. Once these needs are satisfied, it no longer serves as a motivator.

Moreover, Herzberg two factor theory are very important to know for everyone. It is called the motivation-hygiene theory. Motivating factors causes job satisfaction and motivation, and hygiene factors cause dissatisfaction.

Though these theories are important there are advantages and disadvantages of Maslow’s Theory of need hierarchy, Herzberg's theory.

Advantages and disadvantages of Maslow’s theory

There are many advantages of Maslow’s theory. According to vanish Parikh (2018), simple to Understand The biggest advantage of Maslow's theory of motivation is that it is very simple to understand and even layman can understand and relate to this theory we all go through one or other stage of the needs pyramid during our lifetime.

Relevant in all field is another advantage of Maslow’s theory. It is relevant to all the fields because first of all person needs to full fill basic needs to satisfied. and then go for the next level to satisfy. For example after getting food and shelter persons will think about the safety and security to protect home and family. Therefore, each and every stage was connected to a person’s life.

Individuals think in a different way is one of the disadvantages of Maslow’s theory. For some people relationships with family, friends are more important than safety and security. That is the reason some people celebrate their birthdays and buy an expensive mobile phone without thinking about their monthly salaries.

Moreover, difficulty to measure is one of the disadvantages of Maslow’s theory. Some people get satisfied after full filling of psychological needs and safety and security. Some people will not be satisfied after fulfilling of each levels of needs.

As people can see above Maslow’s theory have advantages and disadvantages but it was one of the most important theories for human’s life. In Herzberg's theory also have advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages and disadvantages Herzberg's theory.

According to Herzberg's theory Money is Treated Secondary. It was one of the advantages for the employees. Because job promotion is much important than money for the employees. Companies can focus on the problem of Employees is another advantage of Herzberg’s theory.

Ignores External Factors and Job Satisfaction and Job Productivity not directly related are some of the disadvantages of Herzberg's Theory.

Employee’s Engagement Drivers

Employee Engagement is a property of the relationship between an organization and its employees. Engagement employees take care of their works and always think to promote their business. Generally, it can be seen by internal their mind by physically mentally, and emotionally way. Employs will be engaged with their job and do all the works perfectly when they have the right place. happiness and personal safety are important to complete the task on time. So the relationship of the owner of the company or the supervisors of the company should have good relation and each employee freely can talk to each other to achieve the target. However, availability is also important for employees. Because employees can do the works with available recourses. If the recourses are perfect then it would be easy for them to complete their works. For example, if the computers are available for each employee then it would be easy for every employee.

Conclusion

Motivations are very important for the employees to engage their works. Intrinsic motivation is one of the best for the person. Because person is motivated internally and does the works for their own pleasure. work engagement refers to the positive, fulfilling, motivational state of mind that people encounter when they are completely immersed in their work to the point that time seems like it is flying by. Most scholars agree that it includes both an energy dimension and an identification dimension (Bakker, Schaufeli, Leiter, & Tari’s, 2008).in my opinion person can do the works perfectly when they are motivated intrinsically or extrinsically to achieve the target so its very important to know how to motivate people.