The Elusive American Dream in Steinbeck's 'Of Mice and Men'

Introduction

The exploration of the American Dream during the Great Depression serves as a pivotal theme in John Steinbeck's 'Of Mice and Men.' This essay delves into Steinbeck's portrayal of the American Dream, particularly through the characters' shared aspirations, with a focus on the protagonists, Lennie and George.

The overarching narrative suggests that, despite being a dream shared by many, the American Dream, during this tumultuous period, emerges as an elusive and unattainable goal for the characters.

The American Dream in the Twentieth Century

In the broader context of the twentieth century, the American Dream was an ideal that held the promise of a brighter future.

A hope for an improved life was deeply ingrained in the American psyche. However, during the Great Depression, this dream became increasingly unattainable for a significant portion of the population. Steinbeck skillfully illustrates this societal struggle through the lens of various characters in 'Of Mice and Men,' highlighting the dream's elusive nature.

Lennie and George's Dream

The inception of the American Dream within the narrative occurs as Lennie and George, the central characters, share their dream while seated by the river.

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Their vision revolves around achieving independence – a powerful motivator for individuals with no familial ties, no permanent residence, and limited control over their lives. The dream, as articulated by Lennie and George, centers on the acquisition of a plot of land, cultivating crops, and attaining self-sufficiency, reflecting a desire for autonomy in a world where control is a rare commodity.

The Dream's Significance

Steinbeck crafts the American Dream as a potent symbol, embodying happiness, hope, and motivation for characters like Lennie and George. In a world ravaged by the harsh realities of the Great Depression, the dream becomes a source of solace and comfort. Lennie, in particular, adeptly uses the dream to assuage George's anger, while George leverages it to keep Lennie out of trouble, emphasizing its emotional significance amidst the challenging circumstances.

Expansion of the Dream

The evolution of the American Dream extends beyond Lennie and George as other characters, like Candy, gradually embrace this collective aspiration. Candy's involvement lends an air of realism to the dream, transforming it from a self-delusion to a shared hope for a better future. His motivations align with those of Lennie and George – the pursuit of success, happiness, and a secure existence – emphasizing the dream's broad resonance among the novel's characters.

While Lennie and George's dream epitomizes the traditional American Dream, Steinbeck introduces nuanced variations through characters like Curly's wife. Her dream, distinct from the ranch workers, leans towards the typical aspirations of women in that era, aspiring for fame in the movies. However, the underlying motivations, whether for glamour or independence, remain remarkably consistent among the diverse characters, underscoring the universality of their aspirations.

External Influences on the Dream

External influences, such as Whit presenting a pulp magazine with Bill Tenner's letter, inject an additional layer of complexity into the characters' perceptions of the American Dream. The men's admiration for Tenner's perceived accomplishment highlights their yearning for a lasting impact – a rare feat in their transient lives. This moment intensifies their desire for the dream, as it represents a form of immortality that seems unattainable in their precarious existence.

Shattered Dreams and Conclusion

In the narrative's conclusion, Steinbeck masterfully unravels the dreams built throughout the story, portraying them as a brutal struggle and an unattainable goal. The shattered dreams resonate profoundly, particularly for Lennie and George. The American Dream, initially presented as a beacon of hope, transforms into a testament to the harsh realities of the time, leaving an indelible mark on the characters' collective psyche and emphasizing the dream's ultimate unattainability.