Nietzsche's Philosophy in "The Crucible" and "The Heart of Darkness"

Introduction

Reflecting upon Friedrich Nietzsche's assertion that "Freedom is the will to be responsible to ourselves," I resonate with the profound idea that true freedom unfolds when an individual embraces self-accountability. This sentiment holds particular significance for me, as it implies a state of autonomy wherein external assistance becomes obsolete, paving the way for genuine freedom. The parallels between Nietzsche's concept and the narratives presented in two compelling works: "The Crucible" by Arthur Miller and "The Heart of Darkness" by Joseph Conrad are evident.

"The Crucible" and John Proctor

Within the realm of Arthur Miller's "The Crucible," the central figure of John Proctor emerges as a compelling embodiment of Nietzsche's philosophy. Proctor grapples with a series of pivotal decisions throughout the play, his persona commanding respect and admiration within the town. Despite initial missteps, Proctor's journey unfolds as a testament to the capacity for self-redemption. Through acknowledging and rectifying his past errors, he liberates his soul, exemplifying Nietzsche's idea that true freedom is intricately tied to one's ability to shoulder personal responsibility.

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Proctor's character arc reveals the transformative power of self-accountability. His strength of character and ultimate realization of the importance of making morally sound decisions underscore Nietzsche's assertion. Proctor's evolution from a flawed individual to one who comprehends the essence of personal responsibility resonates deeply, validating Nietzsche's proposition that authentic freedom is rooted in self-awareness and accountability.

"The Heart of Darkness" and Marlow

Turning to Joseph Conrad's "The Heart of Darkness," the introspective sailor Marlow serves as a captivating lens through which to explore Nietzsche's concept of freedom.

Marlow, characterized by his philosophical disposition, independence, and skepticism, embarks on a journey that mirrors Nietzsche's assertion. Initially an advocate for imperialism, Marlow undergoes a profound transformation as he confronts the harsh realities of his surroundings.

Marlow's evolving perspective challenges the superficial notions of imperialism prevalent at the outset. His willingness to confront the darker aspects of his beliefs and actions exemplifies Nietzschean freedom. By discarding the illusion of benevolence associated with imperialism, Marlow epitomizes the idea that genuine freedom blossoms when one takes responsibility for their convictions and rectifies the moral dissonance within.

Theme of Hypocrisy in Both Books

The theme of hypocrisy in both "The Crucible" and "The Heart of Darkness" further reinforces Nietzsche's profound insight into the interplay between freedom and self-responsibility. In Miller's work, hypocrisy manifests itself prominently through the character of Judge Danforth, whose insistence on confessions exposes a stark contrast between his expectations of others and his reluctance to confront the possibility of error. This glaring incongruity, a poignant illustration of hypocrisy, underscores the significance of embracing self-awareness to achieve true freedom.

Similarly, Conrad's "The Heart of Darkness" delves into the theme of hypocrisy through the dichotomy between the Company's purported trade activities and Kurtz's unabashed admission of violence and exploitation. The dichotomy serves as a metaphor for the broader hypocrisy inherent in colonial enterprises. It is only through Kurtz's unflinching honesty about the brutality behind the facade that the true face of European activities in Africa is unmasked. This revelation aligns with Nietzsche's assertion that genuine freedom arises when one confronts the uncomfortable truths within themselves and their society, transcending the shackles of hypocrisy.

Conclusion

In synthesizing the narratives of "The Crucible" and "The Heart of Darkness" with Nietzsche's perspective, a resounding harmony emerges, affirming the symbiotic relationship between freedom and self-responsibility. The intricate dance between character development and thematic exploration in these literary works serves as a microcosm of the broader human experience. The journey of characters like John Proctor and Marlow serves as poignant examples of how personal growth and liberation unfold when individuals confront their flaws, make amends, and shoulder the weight of their decisions.

For me, Nietzsche's wisdom transcends the pages of philosophy, finding resonance in the tangible experiences of these characters. The universal theme of hypocrisy in societal structures, vividly depicted in both works, reinforces the notion that self-awareness and accountability are indispensable for authentic freedom. In embracing Nietzsche's profound maxim, I not only find validation in the narratives of Miller and Conrad but also a personal growth that mirrors the transformative journeys depicted in these timeless literary works.

Both "The Crucible" and "The Heart of Darkness" serve as microcosms of societal structures, prompting reflection on the broader implications of Nietzsche's assertion in the context of humanity's collective journey towards genuine freedom. These works underscore the enduring relevance of Nietzsche's philosophy, transcending temporal and cultural boundaries, and invite contemplation on the intricate tapestry of self-discovery and responsibility that defines the pursuit of true freedom.