Cellular Respiration, Yeast Fermentation and Germinating and Non-Germinating Seeds

Essay, Pages 4 (766 words)

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Introduction

Cellular respiration is basically a way for cells to break down glucose and turn it into ATP. Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is what carries the energy through the cell. In this lab you figure out how cellular reparation works using yeast fermentation and germinating and non-germinating seeds. Cellular respiration also makes carbon dioxide and water. In yeast cells fermentation makes carbon dioxide and ethanol.

Methods and Materials

The following materials were used in the first experiment to figure out how yeast fermentation work for cellular respiration:

5 small and large test tubes
2% fructose solution
2% sucrose solution
2% starch solution
Distilled water
Yeast
Disposable pipettes
Stirring rods
Ruler

The first thing I had to do in this experiment was figure out my hypothesis which was that yeast ferments sugar more in this order: Glucose being the easiest, then sucrose, fructose and starch but water does not ferment.

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After I figured out what the hypothesis was I had to add each of the sugars to a different test tube and add water to a tube by itself.

Next, I stirred the yeast with a stirring rod so that all the tube would be equal then I added the yeast to each tube. After that I had to put a bigger tube over the small tube and flip it over to make a respirometer for each tube. After you have done that measure the gas bubble with a ruler before putting the tubes in the incubator and after you leave them in there for 20 minutes.

The following materials were used in this experiment to figure out how germinating and non-germinating seed can help to figure out how cellular respiration works:

Cotton balls
25 non-germinating soybeans
25 germinating soybeans
Polyester fluffs
Glass beads
15% potassium hydroxide solution

The first thing I had to do in this experiment was put cotton balls in each of the test tubes. The next thing I had to do was add some KOH solution to each test tube and the add a polyester fluff to keep the seeds from the KOH. Next, I had to add 25 germinating and 25 non-germinating beans to the tubes and add glass beans with the non-germinating bead and put glass beans in a tube by themselves. The next thing I had to do was put a stopper with a respirometer on it to each test tube and let it sit there for 5 different times I used 6,10,15,20 and 25 minutes and then measure the position of the fluid and record the data in my notebook.

Results

For the first experiment I only measured the tubes before I put them in the water and after I took it out of the water. In the first tube I put fructose before I put it in the water it was at 5mm and after it was in the water for 20 minuets it was at 40mm. In the second tube with the glucose it was at 5mm and after the 20 minuets it was at 67mm. In the third tube I put sucrose and before I put it in the water it was at 5mm and after the 20 minuets it was at 60mm. In the fourth tube I put starch and before I put it in the water it was at 5mm and after the 20 minuets it moved to 1mm. in the last tube I put water in it and it was at 5mm before and after the 20 minuets

For the second experiment I tested the beans with 5 different times the first amount of time was 6 minutes the germinating beans moved to 5ml the non-germinating beans moved to 9.2 ml and the glass beans moved to 5.7ml. The next time I used was 10 minute the germinating beans moved to 7.3ml the non-germinating beans moved to 9.1ml and the glass beans stayed at 5.7ml. The next time I used was 15 minutes the germinating beans went to 6.3ml the non-germinating beans went to 9ml and the glass beans stayed at 5.7ml. The next time I used 20 minutes the germinating beans went to 5ml the non-germinating beans went to 8.7ml and the glass beans went to 6.3ml. The last number that I used was 25 minutes the germinating beans went to 4ml the non-germinating beans went to 8.8ml and the glass beans went to 5.9ml.

Conclusion

This lab taught me a whole lot about cellular respiration and how you can use different test figure things out about cellular respiration. Glucose is easily fermented because it's the fuel molecule for glycolysis in the fermentation state. I learned that aerobic cell respiration need oxygen as a substrate. I also learned that germinating beans have a great demand for ATP.