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Is situated on the continental shelf off the west coast of India. The MOB basin is circumscribed by the Indian western coastline in the eastern side, Saurashtra arch in the northern side, the Vengurla arch in the south side, and the west-margin basement arch in the west side. The Mumbai offshore basin is a passive continental margin rift basin characterized by sets of NE-SW trending extensional faults giving rise to series of horst and graben structures. The formation of Mumbai offshore basin took place when Indian tectonic plate was separated from African tectonic plate by the process of tectonic rifting during Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous period.
This rifting of tectonic plate is marked by widespread basaltic lava flows known as Deccan Trap.
During the initial time of rifting these half grabens accumulated thick pile of clastic sediments deposited at the base of horst structures as alluvial fans. The clastic sediment was derived from the adjacent basaltic and granitic horst blocks and are distinctively marked by poor textural maturity.
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The deposition of trap wash and sediments derived from granite erosion during Paleocene marks the onset of Panna sedimentation in Mumbai offshore basin. A widespread fluvio-deltaic system dominated the area during Late Paleocene to Early Eocene time depositing sand, silt, shale and coal of Panna Formation which hosts the main producing horizons.
Due to the load of sediment deposition and cooling of underlying basaltic magma crustal sagging in the basin took place creating more accommodation space in the basin and is marked by the widespread marine transgression resulting in the deposition of marine shales at the top.
The Panna Formation is underlain by Deccan Traps or older Basement rocks and is overlain by either the Devgarh, or Bassein, Belapur or Pipavav Formations. The Panna Formation is spread over the entire WOB, except in the paleo-highs or distinctively at the tops of horst structures; and is composed of sandstone and claystone at the bottom, a section of coal-shale alternation in the middle part or top.
The development of the reservoir facies throughout the basin is undefined because of the lenticular nature of the sand deposition. Because of these reasons, understanding the distribution of the reservoir facies within the Panna Formation is crucial for fulfilling the exploration requirements. The Panna Formation is fluvial and belongs to the shallow marine depositional environment and consists of prominent clay minerals like chlorite, montmorillonite and illite. The upper boundary of the Panna Formation is characterized by a change in lithofacies usually from clastics to carbonates. Figure-1 shows the general lithostratigraphy of the WOB. This study has considered data from multiple wells drilled across the 5 primary blocks that have the Panna Formation.
Mumbai Sea On Basin. (2022, Jan 03). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/mumbai-sea-on-basin-essay
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