Enhancing Solar Energy Utilization Through Dual-Axis Solar Trackers

Abstract

The quest for maximizing solar energy utilization has led to the development of innovative solar farms employing dual-axis movement, surpassing traditional static or single-axis systems. This study, conducted at the Prof.K. Barsauskas Ultrasound Research Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, delves into the efficiency enhancement of parabolic solar reflectors made from stainless steel and mirror materials. By integrating microcontrollers and light-dependent resistors (LDRs), we aim to achieve optimal sunlight exposure on solar panels, thereby maximizing temperature output for circulated water flow.

Conceptual Framework

Sun oriented vitality is viewed as limitless vitality asset. Sunlight based vitality can be utilized for a long time to day utilizes like cooking, water warming, and vitality creation. But since of the day cycles and earth's turn the sun based vitality can't be used to it's fullest. A significant number of the sun oriented homesteads on the planet have boards either static or one hub either flat or vertical development. In any case, with the assistance of smaller scale controllers two hub development is conceivable and the limit of the sun oriented vitality accessible to us is used .

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In request to accomplish this:

• Add development to the sun powered boards so 100% of board are interacted with photons.
• Add microcontrollers to keep up the framework with the goal that the expense of human work and upkeep.
• Usage of LDRs to identify light which send sign to microcontroller which thus offers order to the framework to tilt where greatest zone is secured.
• Addition of residue sweeper to the setup builds the productivity substantially more.
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Presentation

Sunlight based vitality is the most boundless, sustainable wellspring of vitality known to mankind. So as to build the productivity of sun powered vitality frameworks, sun oriented tracker is included to the detriment of framework's multifaceted nature and cost. The two essential classifications of trackers are single hub and double pivot. Single hub tracker has one pivot of opportunity, vertical or level. Double hub tracker has both a vertical and a level pivot of opportunity, so it ready to follow the situation of the sun absolutely.

Sun position estimation following technique dependent on way of the Sun and its related cosmic calculation. As the outcome, decision of cosmic calculation is basic to improve exactness of sun position computation following technique.

Machine of sun based vitality has been underlined smce assets consumption ended up genuine bit by bit. Sun oriented vitality is a sustainable power source which is bounteous in amount. Consequently, how to gather and exploit sun oriented vitality successfully turned into a hotspot these days. To improve usage proficiency, acknowledging auto-following for most extreme power purpose of sun based vitality. This paper structures a control framework for sun-following sun powered boards dependent on SCM.

The sun powered tracker is planned so that the capacity, ease of use and proficiency of the gadget isn't lost. On the off chance that it is intended to be utilized anyplace by simply stopping it to a battery and charging it. The gadget is made with the assistance of photograph voltaic cell which causes the sun oriented board to guide itself toward the ideal heading for generally daylight. It is additionally made so that it can move in two pivot.

Writing Review

Sun oriented Tracking System with Two Axis and Four Sensors.' by Faiz F Mustafa and Falah I Mustafa [1]. This paper distributed by Mustafa's demonstrates that the primary objective of expanding the proficiency of sunlight based boards and their working is to get the greatest power from the sun powered board .The task is to plan and actualize basic and shabby cost sun oriented tracker framework with two tomahawks (azimuth edge just as scope point) utilizing Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) with genuine measurements the undertaking made out of sun based board, two-engine satellite dish and rotating conjuncture, LDR sensor module and an electronic circuit. This venture is contrasted and fixed sun powered board and the outcomes demonstrated that sun based tracker more yield control than fixed sun based board.

The fundamental undertaking is the plan and execution of sun oriented following framework in open air in Baghdad(longitude (44.43), scope (33.33). To accomplish most extreme yield control that created by sunlight based boards as the sun moving over the sky and keeps the board opposite to the radiation of the sun.

To follow the sun it is essential to find the situation of the sun precisely. In this work detecting of the sun position completed in two phases essential and optional. Essential stage or aberrant detecting performed by means of sun-earth relationship as a coarse change and second stage or direct detecting performed by means of set of LDR sensors as yield tuning to trims the azimuth and height points. In the event that the climate is overcast or dusty, the following framework utilizes essential stage or sun-earth geometrical connections just to distinguish the area of the sun; so the framework tracks the situation of the sun in any case the climate condition. LDR sensor module comprises of four light ward resistor or cadmium.

This paper shows a structure of the greatest sun based power auto-following control framework dependent on Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) using photoelectric recognition following strategy which precisely tracks the orbital development of the sun. The framework involves seven principle parts these are SCM, Photoelectric-location circuit, Global Position System (GPS) module, Voltage/flow recognition circuit. Correspondence module, Clock circuit and Driver module.

Sun position count following strategy dependent on way of the Sun and its related galactic calculation. As the outcome, decision of galactic calculation is fundamental to improve precision of sun position count following technique. Calculation in this paper is to ascertain sun oriented declination edge and fly slack first, at that point figure neighborhood hour edge as indicated by stream slack.

The 4-quadrant photoelectric locator is a photoelectric recognition gadget which masterminded four photograph diode that carries on unequivocally like as per rectangular coordinates.Each indicator comprises of the photosensitive gadget.

Estimation recipe of 4-quadrant expansion and subtraction as following condition:

Ex = SA + S D - S B - S C - 1.1

SA +SB +Sc +SD - 1.2

Ey = SA +SB - Sc – SD - 1.3

SA +SB +Sc +SD - 1.4

The paper utilized an intensive research on thesolar-following hypothesis and its calculations to plan a control framework for sun based following of sun oriented boards utilizing a SCM as the fundamental part. The framework achieves the following of the situation of the sun by utilizing a mix of sun based position following mode, Photoelectric sensor following technique, just as applying bother and perception calculation. This framework has the benefits of high following precision, quick reaction and stable execution.

Transformation effectiveness of CIGS-based sun based cells has been huge improved in the ongoing years. Over 20% effectiveness for little territory cells has just been accomplished. In 2014, CIGS sun oriented cells set the record proficiency of meager film sun powered cells, at 21.7%.

The gadget structure of the generation modules is equivalent to the past gadget structure of 15.7% effectiveness: Glass Substrate/Mo/CIGSeS/CdS/ZnO:B. The generation module territory is 1.09m2. I-V attributes were estimated utilizing the in house sun based test system or the outsider sun oriented test system The bandgap of the safeguard is impacted by Ga substance and profundity profile over the whole thickness of CIGS layer. With more Ga joined into CIGS film, the bandgap increments and furthermore make increasingly back surface field to gather progressively current, which improved.

Another improvement of FF is by means of the procedure modification onZnO window layer. The improved statement condition expanded the versatility of ZnO:B layer, thus diminished the resistivity by 56%, contrasted with the first benchmark condition.

The paper composed by El Omari Hamid demonstrates the ways heliostat works and how it helps control urban communities with better effectiveness. This framework was tried on a little scale sunlight based pinnacle. The framework comprises of two sections one critical step and delicate part. The delicate part comprises of a java language content to help in sun following though the crucial step comprises of mechanical framework and direction card. This framework was tried on city needs like household high temp water supply for little scale urban areas.

Targets and Philosophy

The Objective and Methodology for the venture was taken with the assistance of the papers we have taken as reference. The destinations given are effectively feasible ones, which are made to pick up the hearts of the client. Procedure is made in view of effortlessness and sturdiness. The undertaking is made to be utilized anyplace around the globe without and change to structure either with programming or equipment.

Goals:

• Increase the effectiveness of the sun powered harnesser setup .
• Make sun oriented vitality progressively open to all inclusive community .
• Decrease in expense relatively .
• The setup winds up compact .
• Self-practical .
• Does not require any outside upkeep .
• Self cleaning component.

System :

• Embed the small scale controller with direction of the two hub development and join to the mechanical arm.
• Embed the engines to the joints.
• Attach the TSMC sun oriented board to the get together.
• Add the sweeper to the board and interface the sweeper to a DC engine which is thusly associated with the Micro chip is set to a specific time interim and recurrence.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates the significant potential of dual-axis solar trackers in enhancing solar energy utilization. By employing stainless steel and mirror materials for the reflectors, we achieved consistent temperature outputs, underscoring the importance of material choice in solar energy systems. This research paves the way for further exploration into sustainable and efficient solar energy collection methods.