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Key Efficiency Indicators (KPIs) are quantitative and qualitative measures used to review a company's development against its goals. These are broken down and set as targets for accomplishment by departments and individuals. The achievement of these targets is examined at regular intervals. KPIs are utilized to monitor the performance of a company, department, process or perhaps a private maker. They will also assist shape the behaviors of staff members within the company. KPIs require to be flexible and reflect the altering objectives of the company.
Objectives change as the organization modifications in response to external factors or as it gets closer to achieving its original goals. Private KPIs need to be straight connected to company goals and goals, or general company KPIs where they are used.
They require to reflect company culture and values, by suggesting the kinds of behavior and efficiency the organization will acknowledge as 'successful' and reward workers for. KPIs require to be measurable and show a balance in between operational and people orientated procedures.
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KPIs are a fundamental component of sustaining a change procedure and keeping an efficiency management culture. KPIs ought to be lined up with the company's vision and direction. When efficiency is determined, and the outcomes are made visible, companies can take action to enhance. WISE KPIs
The acronym SMART is frequently used to describe KPIs.
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Timely
Specific
KPIs need to be specific to the individual job and if possible expressed as statements of actual on-the-job behaviors. For example, a KPI should:
Explain clearly to the employee what he/she has to do in terms of performance to be successful Have an impact on successful job performance, that is distinguishing between effective performance and ineffective performance Focus on the behavior itself, rather than personality attributes such as 'attitude to customers'.
Terms such as 'work quality', and 'job knowledge' are too vague to be of much use. Measurable
KPIs must be measurable, that is based on behavior that can be observed and documented, and which is job-related. They should also provide employees with ongoing feedback on their standard of performance. Achievable
Performance management needs to be an open, collaborative communication process. KPIs must be seen by all that they are achievable. The KPI must be realistically achievable. If it is set too high for the circumstances (such as an ambitious production target), not only will it be irrelevant but it will ensure failure. Relevant
It is essential that employees clearly understand the KPIs, and that they have the same meaning to both parties. Consultation is more likely to result in standards that are relevant and valid. Timely
KPIs should have an appropriate time frame.
It should be possible to collect the relevant information either 'as it happens' or within a short time afterwards, otherwise it will lose its relevance. As outputs of the performance management system, KPIs also need to be in alignment with other HR-related functions, including training and development, recruitment and selection, rewards and recognition, and career planning. Business aspects that require KPIs
KPIs should cover every aspect of the business. Sample examples are Customer satisfaction
Employee satisfaction
Staff turnover
Absenteeism
Department/division specific measures
Triple bottom line: financial, environmental and social responsibility Finance including revenue and costs
OHS reporting including incidents and related costs
Equipment usage and OEE
Maintenance costs and effectiveness
New product development & innovation
Lead times and down times
Quality
KPI components
KPIs should identify the required outcomes, for example:
The minimum acceptable performance e.g. daily break even point Target performance eg desired daily output.
KPIs should:
Be communicated to all staff so that they are aware of how they are to be measured and how their KPIs impact on the organization as a whole Be aligned with the vision and direction of the organization Have relevant reward and recognition criteria linked to each KPI. When implementing new KPIs, having baseline data to measure improvements is very important. Progress on KPIs should be communicated at regular times to highlight emerging trends. As these trends emerge, corrective action can be implemented in a timely fashion. KPIs need to be communicated via multiple media. The measures that are selected must be carefully specified to ensure they do not cause non-lean behaviors. In many cases there will need to be a selection of measures that balance quality and quantity factors to ensure the correct behaviors are encouraged. Listed below are some examples of the behaviors and outcomes that measure in isolation can cause.
Measure in isolation Behavior Outcome
Production output Make more Overproduction
Machine efficiency Run machine longer
Run in most efficient sequence for machine Unnecessary stock Customer orders late
Maintenance costs Reduction in maintenance activities to reduce costs Machine breakdowns Cash flow performance Pay suppliers as late as possible Supplier deliveries XX unreliable Creating KPIs
KPIs must be designed for each proposed change to the production process so that: There is a base line measurement taken to establish a starting performance standard There are measures developed to track the team's performance There are measures established that can highlight any variability. This can assist in future diagnoses Reward and recognition can be effectively implemented.
Before data is collected three questions need to be asked.
What is the purpose of collecting this data?
Will this data tell us what we want to know?
Will we be able to act on the data we collect?
The goal is to create an easy-to-use, accurate measurement system with as few measures as possible. The following questions need to be answered when setting up a data collection system: What type of metric is it (financial, behavioral or core-process)?
Why was it selected?Where will the data be collected?
How will it be collected?
How often will it be collected?
How often and where will the metric be displayed?
Who will use it?
KPI examples
Some examples of measures that can be used to monitor the performance of a competitive manufacturing company are listed below. Financial Examples
Costs Material costs
Labor costs
Operations costs
Inventory
Overtime
Warrantee costs
Cost of Sales
Interest on overdraft
Number of projects completed on time and on budget
Revenue Sales
Gross margins
Return on assets or investment
Product profitability
Team metrics Overtime
Material costs
Revenue generated by team
Inventory value in team's area
Number of projects completed on time and on budget
Core metrics Examples
OHS Lost time injuries
Number of staff off work
Length of time staff are off work
DIFOT Delivery in full on time
Quality First time through quality
Yield
Lead-time Order to cash in bank
Raw material to dispatch
Dock to dock
Inventory Inventory turnover rate
OEE Overall equipment effectiveness
Schedule performance % Changes to the weekly schedule
Value added ratio Ratio of value adding time to lead time
Team metrics Turnaround time for jobs
Output rates
Quality rates
Equipment OEE
Attendance rates
Schedule compliance
Customer feedback
Number of deadlines/milestones met
Metrics relating to specific team tasks
Behavioral metrics Examples
Employee satisfaction Gained from regular Employee Satisfaction Surveys Staff turnover rates
Participation levels in improvement activities
Customer satisfaction Gained from regular Employee Satisfaction Surveys Retention rates
Skill uptake Skill matrices
Absenteeism Absenteeism
Error rates Error rates
Time spent on managing under-performing staff
Team metrics Number of team meetings
Members at team meetings
Number of ideas generated
Number of ideas implemented
Total Savings generated
Main Principles of Key Performance Indicators. (2016, May 17). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/main-principles-of-key-performance-indicators-essay
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