The Effect of Temperature on the Reaction of Alka Seltzer and Water

The collision theory posits that chemical reactions occur as a result of collisions between reacting particles. This study investigates the impact of varying water temperatures on the reaction rate of Alka Seltzer in water. The hypothesis suggests that an increase in water temperature will lead to a faster reaction due to a higher number of collisions and an increased number of particles with sufficient energy to react.

Variables:

• Independent Variable: The temperature of the water.
• Dependent Variable: The time it takes for the completion of the reaction.
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• Controlled Variables:
  • Beaker used.
  • Stopwatch.
  • Brand of Alka Seltzer.
  • Thermometer.

Materials:

• 400 ml beaker
• Wire gauze
• Bunsen burner
• Stop watch
• 7 Alka Seltzer tablets
• Gloves (heat resistant)
• Thermometer
• 100 ml Graduated cylinder
• Goggles
• Matches
• Bunsen burner stand/ring

Procedure:

1. Gather Materials
2. Put on goggles
3. Fill the beaker with 100±0.5 ml of water and record initial temperature
4. Add 1 Alka Seltzer tablet, start the timer
5. Stop the timer when the reaction is complete
6. Set up Bunsen burner, wire gauze, and ring
7. Light the Bunsen burner
8. Rinse out the beaker
9. Refill with 100±0.5 ml of water
10. Place the beaker on the wire gauze, insert the thermometer
11. Remove the beaker when the temperature reaches 30°C
12. Repeat steps 3 and 4
13. Repeat steps 9-12, increasing the temperature by 10°C until reaching 80°C
14. Use gloves once the temperature exceeds 50°C
15. Clean up

Calculations and Formulas:

Average Reaction Time: The average time it takes for each reaction at a specific temperature.

Average Reaction Time=Number of TrialsSum of Reaction Times​

The data collected will be analyzed to observe patterns in reaction times at different temperatures.

The collision theory suggests that an increase in temperature should lead to an increase in the reaction rate due to more frequent and energetic collisions. Any deviations from this expected pattern will be explored and discussed.

This experiment aims to determine the impact of temperature on the reaction rate of Alka Seltzer in water. The results will provide insights into the relationship between temperature and reaction kinetics, contributing to the understanding of chemical processes influenced by temperature variations.

Any external sources, references, or scientific principles mentioned during the discussion should be appropriately cited to support the findings and interpretations presented in the laboratory report.

Observations

50°

21.11

Faster bubbling/foaming, tablet eroding very fast, foaming at the top, tablet rises to top near the end

In conclusion, the investigation revealed that elevating the temperature of the water used for dissolving Alka Seltzer indeed accelerated the reaction, resulting in a decreased completion time. Although this experiment did not involve any calculations, uncertainties regarding the precise temperature, water quantity, and timing could have introduced errors in determining the reaction rate.

The research question addressing the influence of water temperature on the Alka Seltzer reaction was substantiated by the gathered information, notably demonstrated by the graph's trend. Despite encountering an outlier, it is likely attributable to factors such as inaccuracies in reaching the intended temperature, timing issues, or inaccuracies in stopping the stopwatch promptly. The heightened reaction speed was attributed to the accelerated molecular movement induced by increased temperature, leading to more frequent collisions and facilitating the attainment of the necessary activation energy for the reaction. In accordance with the collision theory, the augmented collisions not only expedited the reaction rate but also provided the particles with the kinetic energy required for successful reactions.

While the procedure demonstrated functionality and lacked major sources of error, the experiment's weaknesses lay in its precision and limited data points. Enhancements could be made by incorporating an electronic thermometer for increased accuracy and devising methods to maintain the water at an exact temperature for the reaction without allowing it to cool. Additionally, expanding the data collection to include colder temperatures than room temperature could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the reaction kinetics.