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Information system “a set of interrelated computer components that collects, processes, stores, and provides as output the information needed to complete business tasks” ). An information system consists of several computer components working, collectively, together to process and store information then provide an output of information. An example of this might be a single work station but could expand to become much larger and more integrated system. In these cases the method to develop any particular information system involves a six core processes, referred to as the SDLC or information systems development process.
Computer application – “(app) a computer software program that executes on a computing device to carry out a specific function or set of related functions”. A computer application differs from an information system in its own design because it revolves around the computer software only. Typically, an access to internet on mobile digital devices but can host several different possibilities, games, weather, finances, calendars can all be formed into a computer application.
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The purpose behind a system analysis is a route for an individual to accomplish two key operations. First, to understand the requirements for a new system by understanding the current process and how it can improve. Second, to specify those requirements. This can be accomplished through a fact-finding set of tasks and later development of use cases. The previously mentioned SDLC process begins with system analysis within the first three steps:
Systems analysis is the foundation required to build a successful information system before moving into systems design section of these steps. Fully understanding and developing uses cases gives insight as to what the needs are of the upcoming system and help to develop the right solution by through accurate understanding.
One of the toughest problems in investigating system requirements is to make sure they are complete and comprehensive. Gathering all the correct information is an imperative part of the SDLC. There are a variety of ways to garner a successful interview and providing those detailed requirements. In terms of preparation, starting with a clear and precise objective for the goals of that interview is a key component. Arriving to the interview with prepared open and close ended questions. Finally, arrange for a closing or ‘final’ interview where all participates are given a specific time, location and objective. While conducting the interview, methods to gain information are best met if the room is prepared and resources available. Limiting the interview time and conducting several short interviews will likely provide more information through clarification when you return. This is the most opportune time to ask those “what if” questions, search for details and exceptions while carefully documenting your findings. Utilizing textual models to help describe requirements that might otherwise be difficult to explain.
A Use Case is “an activity the system performs, usually in response to a request by a user.” The use case is an important set of actions to help understand and define the interaction with the system which are found in the analysis stage which help clarify and organize the system requirements. Describe the event decomposition technique for identifying use cases.
The Event Decomposition Technique “focuses on identifying the events to which a system must respond and then determining how a system must respond.” The Event Decomposition is one of the more comprehensive and detailed techniques for identifying the use cases. By understanding how the system will respond to different events the use cases can be better understood and organized into different events. External Events, an event outside the system, Temporal Events, an event occurring by reaching a specific time and State Events, happening inside the system. Also incorporated with this process are Elementary Business Processes or (EBPs), which help identify use cases to an appropriate level of detail.
Use Case Descriptions which describe the processing details in a textual model. Also UML activity diagrams which show a workflow diagram and UML system sequences diagrams showing the messages passed between the system and external actor in a use case scenario.
The primary objective of systems design is to bridge the gap between systems analysis and software construction. Essentially move the project from the requirements to a solution. This is accomplished by creating clear concise directions by understanding the requirements that were defined in the analysis and organize them so that they can be used for programming, similar to a blueprint for construction. It’s defining how the system will be made. “Activities that enable the project team to describe in detail the system that solves the need.”
The systems analysis objective is to grasp an understanding of the informational needs and requirements. Then to document the information found into specifications. This piece of the puzzle tells us what the solutions should do. The systems design is used to move from fact finding to problem solving, where those issues defined in the analysis stage are resolved to understand how the system will be constructed.
Similar to the dialog metaphor “metaphor in which user and computer accomplish a task by engaging in a conversation or dialog via text, voice, or tools such as labeled buttons.” The user interface also involves communication between the two as well which resembles the dialog defined above.
Analysis And Design Of Information System. (2024, Feb 26). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/analysis-and-design-of-information-system-essay
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