Feminism in "The Secret Life of Bees" by Sue Monk Kidd

Sue Monk Kidd's novel, "The Secret Life of Bees," delves into the theme of feminism, emphasizing feminine power, matriarchy, and the importance of strong female characters. This exploration is influenced by the teachings of Carl Jung, who advocates for the significance of feminine values over masculine ones in societal structures. The plot, character development, and symbolism in the novel contribute to a nuanced understanding of feminism as a central theme.

Lily's Desire for a Mother

Central to the novel is Lily's profound longing for a mother figure and the exploration of the importance of having a mother.

Lily expresses her desire for her mother's presence, believing it would have been the best thing for her life. In her own words, "This is what I know about myself. [My mother] was all I ever wanted. And I took her away" (Kidd 8).

When Lily encounters the Boatwright sisters, particularly August, she finds a source of motherly wisdom and feminine guidance. August serves as a surrogate mother figure, providing Lily with valuable instruction and knowledge.

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An example of August's guidance is seen in her advice to Lily: "You know, some things don’t matter that much, like the color of a house. But lifting a person’s heart –now that matters" (Kidd 147).

August as a Motherly Figure

August's role in fulfilling Lily's need for maternal support and feminine guidance is significant. The Boatwright sisters, through August, become a substitute for the motherly experience Lily has missed out on, giving her the direction and nurturing she craves.

August imparts not only practical wisdom but also teaches Lily the importance of nature and love in relation to society. For instance, referring to the bees, August tells Lily, "Every little thing wants to be loved" (Kidd 92).

Female Divinity and Catholicism

The novel introduces Lily's interest in Catholicism, a faith that places importance on Mary, the mother of Jesus. Lily's growing fascination with Mary and the feminine divine is interwoven into the narrative. Mary becomes a crucial element in Lily's character, serving as a source of guidance and inspiration. Lily's reflection on the prevalence of "disguised Marys sitting around" emphasizes the symbolic role Mary plays in the novel (Kidd 142).

Strong Female Characters

The Secret Life of Bees is rich with strong and diverse female characters who defy societal norms. Rosaleen, with her stubborn attitude and refusal to submit to mistreatment, challenges expectations placed on women, especially women of color, in the sixties. Rosaleen's confrontation with white males and her refusal to apologize for her actions exemplify her strength and resilience.

June Boatwright rejects traditional gender roles by refusing to marry Neil, prioritizing her independence over conforming to societal expectations. August Boatwright, with her intelligence and unique personality, defies stereotypes and challenges the conventional portrayal of black women. Her ability to chew more than she bites off showcases her strength and resilience (Kidd 244).

Contrasting Feminine and Masculine Traits

Kidd's novel provides a compelling contrast between feminine traits represented by the female characters and typical masculine expectations. The strength, resilience, and intelligence displayed by these female characters challenge gender norms and offer a refreshing departure from the conventional portrayal of masculine strength in literature. The narrative highlights the multifaceted nature of femininity and challenges stereotypical notions associated with gender roles.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "The Secret Life of Bees" by Sue Monk Kidd is a captivating exploration of feminism, emphasizing feminine power, matriarchy, and the importance of strong female characters. Kidd's incorporation of Carl Jung's teachings, coupled with the nuanced portrayal of Lily's longing for a mother and the presence of powerful female figures, contributes to a rich narrative that celebrates the feminine. Through Lily's journey and the diverse female characters, the novel challenges societal norms, offering a unique perspective on the role of women in literature and society.