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In this lab experiment, we aimed to determine the percentage purity of marble (CaCO3) using a titration method. The calculated purity values exhibited a notable difference, with a deviation of 4.74% between two specific measurements. However, this deviation falls within the uncertainty range of ±4.84%. We identified potential sources of random and systematic errors contributing to the variance in results. To improve accuracy, we suggested practical measures to minimize these errors.
The objective of this lab experiment was to determine the percentage purity of marble (CaCO3) by reacting it with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and titrating the excess acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
The reaction between CaCO3 and HCl produces calcium chloride (CaCl2), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2). By quantifying the amount of unreacted HCl, we can calculate the purity of the marble sample.
The purity of the marble sample was expressed as a percentage, and two independent measurements were obtained, which showed a deviation of 4.74%.
However, it's important to consider the uncertainty associated with these measurements, which was ±4.84%.
To account for this deviation, we investigated the potential sources of error, including random and systematic errors, and proposed improvements to minimize them in future experiments.
The following materials were used in the experiment:
The experimental procedure consisted of the following steps:
The percentage purity of marble was calculated using the following formula:
Purity (%) = (Volume of NaOH used in titration * Molarity of NaOH * 100) / Mass of marble sample
Two independent measurements of purity were obtained, resulting in values with a deviation of 4.74%. However, it's crucial to consider the uncertainty associated with these measurements, which was ±4.84%. The deviation falls within the range of uncertainty, suggesting that the results are consistent within the experimental limitations.
The calculated percentage purity values for the marble sample are as follows:
Measurement | Purity (%) |
---|---|
Measurement 1 | X% |
Measurement 2 | Y% |
The deviation between Measurement 1 and Measurement 2 is 4.74%. However, considering the uncertainty of ±4.84%, the deviation falls within the acceptable range of experimental error.
The deviation in the calculated purity values can be attributed to various sources of error, including random and systematic errors:
To minimize these errors in future experiments, the following improvements are recommended:
In this lab experiment, we determined the percentage purity of marble using a titration method. Despite a deviation of 4.74% between two independent measurements, the results fell within the uncertainty range of ±4.84%, indicating consistency within experimental limitations. We identified sources of random and systematic errors contributing to the deviation and proposed practical measures to minimize these errors in future experiments. The experiment provided valuable insights into the challenges of purity determination and the importance of error analysis in scientific research.
For future experiments involving the determination of purity, it is essential to implement the recommended improvements to enhance accuracy and reliability of results. Additionally, exploring alternative indicators and refining techniques can further reduce errors and improve the precision of purity measurements. Continuous attention to error sources and mitigation strategies is crucial for achieving more accurate experimental outcomes.
Determining Marble Purity: Laboratory Report. (2017, Nov 17). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/document/estimating-the-purity-of-marble-by-back-titration-method
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