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It is the requirement that Sowing machine should be suitable to all farms, all types of corps, robust construction, also is should be reliable, this is basic requirement of sowing machine. Thus, we made sowing machine which is operated manually but reduces the efforts of farmers thus increasing the efficiency of planting also reduces the problem encountered in manual planting. For this machine we can plant different types and different sizes of seeds also we can vary the space between two seeds while planting.
This also increased the planting efficiency and accuracy. We made it from raw materials thus it was so cheap and very usable for small scale farmers. For effective handling of the machine by any farmer or by any untrained worker we simplified its design. Also its adjusting and maintenance method also simplified.
Cropping is important and tedious activity for any farmer, and for large scale this activity is so lengthy also it needs more workers.
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Thus agriculture machines were developed to simplify the human efforts. In manual method of seed planting, we get results such as low seed placement, less spacing efficiencies and serious back ache for the farmer. This also limited the size of field that can be planted. Hence for achieving best performance from a seed planter, the above limits should be optimized. Thus we need to make proper design of the agriculture machine and also selection of the components is also required on the machine to suit the needs of crops. The agriculture is the backbone of India.
And for sustainable growth of India development of agriculture plays vital role. The India has huge population and day by day it is growing thus demand of food is also increasing. In agriculture we saw various machines. Also there traditional methods are there.
Since long ago in India traditional method is used. Also India has huge man power. This manual planting is popular in villages of India. But for large scale this method is very troublesome. The farmer has to spend his more time in planting. But time available is less for him. Thus it requires more man power to complete the task within stipulated time which is costlier. Also more wastage happens during manual planting. Hence there is need of developing such a machine which will help the farmer to reduce his efforts while planting. This process of using machines is called as mechanization. Along with mechanization automation also helps to increase the efficacy of the process.
It also tells the hardware implementation, selection of components. this system is nothing but Vehicle system on which seed tank, sowing mechanism and fertilizer spreader device is installed which will be getting power from the battery.
This machine has very less cost. This machine is very simple to use hence, unskilled farmer is also able to handle this machine. We simplified the design also made it cheaper and affordable to every rural farmer. We made various adjustments and simplified it from controlling and maintaining point of view. In this design we connected drive shaft to Sowing mechanism. DC motor drives the shaft of motor which is coupled with battery bank. As motor starts it moves this machine. Another motor is attached to the sowing mechanism from where the sowing will be done i.e. the seed will drop from hole. One more motor is attached to the spreader disc which rotates and spreaders the fertilizer in the nearby area. The digging, sowing, fertilizer spreader and the soil covering work can be done by this single machine.
A. Seed drum mechanism: - Using motors rotating the seed drum, the seeds falls from the holes created at designated points and it drop the seed in the hose from seed container to the digger
B. Digger mechanism: - For digging and seeding Digger mechanism is used. With the help of nut and bolts Shank is connected to the frame. We used adjustable diggers so we can adjust depth of digger.
C. Machine Driving Mechanism: - machine is driven by the DC motor, connected to the frame, powered by the battery, the shaft is driven with the help of chain drive.
D. Spreader Mechanism: - Electrically operated motor is connected directly vertically to the Spreading disc of the fertilizer spreader. As the fertilizer falls from the funnel, due to rotary motion of the motor, the spreader disc rotates with the specific angular velocity for specific distance of reach for the fertilizer to be spread, the fertilizer is thrown according to the velocity of the disc.
E. Soil Covering Mechanism: - after the seed fall in the soil opened by the furrow opener, soil needed to be close by the V-shape furrow closer.
Let,
b x h = Shank cross-section, mm2
l = length of breast of shovel
R = Radius of curvature of bent portion of shovel (R Binduce, this design of shaft is safe.
Length=breadth=22 cm
Height =25 cm
Thickness =0.2cm
Dimension of short cylinder-
Diameter of cylinder=2 cm
Cylinder length = 5cm
outer cylindrical diameter = 4cm (casing)
Inner cylindrical diameter = 3.6 cm
Casing thickness = 0.2 cm
Clearance = 0.2 cm
Lever length =10cm
Rotating Disc With Spreader Fins
Diameter of disc = 30cm
Hole diameter = 5.5cm
Blade thickness =0.2 cm
Blade length = 12 cm
Thickness of disc = 0.2 cm
Calculation of weight of Hooper:
W=total Weight of hopper & pipe.
L=length of hopper =25cm
A=Width of Upper Side of hopper =22cm
B=Width of lower Side of Hopper=5cm
H1=Length of upper Side of Hooper=22cm
H2=Length of lower Side of Hooper=5cm
D=diameter of pipe =2cm
H=Height of pipe =5cm
ρ = density of material = 7.85g/cm2
[image: image25.jpg]g= 9.81m/s2
W=352.079 KN
Calculation of Weight of Rotating Disc
d = diameter of rotating disc =30cm
t= thickness of rotating disc =0.2cm
ρ= density of disc = 7.85g/cm3
g= 9.81m/s2
W=1.088 N
Design of Sowing Drum
Outer diameter =11 cm
Inner diameter = 10 cm
Drum length =56 cm
Hole for seed:
Diameter =1.5
Depth of hole=1.5
Casing:
Diameter = 12 cm
Thickness =0.5 cm
Outer diameter = 13 cm
Funnel:
Length & breath = 7 cm
Height=7 cm
Thickness =0.2 cm
Dimension of short cylinder:
Diameter =2 cm
Height = 3 cm
Rear wheels:
Clearance from ground =30 cm
Inner diameter of wheel = 50 cm
Thickness of wheels = 30 cm
For the purpose of driving the machine, we have to consider a sturdy chain & sprocket. For the only purpose of driving the wheels connected to the shaft, we will use simplex half inch chain drive.
Dimension of chain drive:
Shaft diameter =25 cm
Centre distance=23 cm
Sprocket diameter at wheel= 8 cm
Teeth on sprocket at motor = 9cm
Teeth on sprocket at wheel = 18 cm
We will be using bearing for the 1 degree of freedom motion, which will be UCP205 pedister bearing.
In this machine, we will be using three motors:
Battery will be rechargeable, operating voltage will be 12V,7A, battery will dry battery if one want to increase or decrease the working hours of the machine, he has to just use another unit of battery.
The electric seed sowing machine offers several advantages, including versatility for different seed types and sizes, reduced labor requirements, and simplified operation and maintenance. Despite potential drawbacks such as hydraulic leakage, the machine's benefits significantly outweigh its limitations. The project successfully demonstrates that with innovative design and appropriate component selection, agricultural efficiency can be significantly enhanced at a low cost, making advanced farming techniques accessible to small-scale farmers.
Design and Fabrication of Electric Seed Sowing Machine. (2024, Feb 23). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/document/design-and-fabrication-of-electric-seed-sowing-machine
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