A Comprehensive Study on Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Risks

Abstract

This comprehensive study investigated the personal, anthropometric, medical, lab, and genotypic characteristics of 50 psoriatic patients and 50 controls. We found significant differences between the two groups in various parameters, including waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, carotid duplex, triglyceride levels, HDL levels, and genetic factors such as the T.N.F alpha 238 G/A polymorphism.

Introduction

Psoriasis is a complex and chronic skin condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Its exact cause remains elusive, but it is believed to be a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors.

The disease is characterized by the development of red, scaly, and often painful patches on the skin, which can significantly impact the quality of life of affected individuals. Despite its primary manifestation on the skin, psoriasis is increasingly recognized as a systemic condition with far-reaching implications beyond dermatology.

This comprehensive study aims to shed light on the multifaceted nature of psoriasis by examining various personal, anthropometric, medical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics of psoriatic patients and comparing them to a control group.

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The motivation for this research lies in the growing concern about the potential association between psoriasis and cardiovascular risk factors. Recent studies have suggested that psoriasis patients may be at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Understanding the underlying factors contributing to these risks is crucial for improving the management and well-being of psoriatic patients.

In addition to cardiovascular concerns, psoriasis has been linked to various comorbidities, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and autoimmune disorders.

Unraveling the intricate relationships between these factors and psoriasis is essential for providing more effective patient care. Furthermore, investigating the genetic aspects of psoriasis, particularly the T.N.F alpha 238 G/A polymorphism, may help elucidate the genetic predispositions associated with this condition.

Methods

Study Participants

This study included 50 psoriatic patients and 50 controls. The psoriatic group had a mean age of 39.75 years (±14.20), with 52% males and 48% females. 88% of psoriatic patients had no family history of the condition.

Anthropometric Characteristics

The psoriatic patients had a mean weight of 82.36 kg (±17.80), a mean height of 165.34 cm (±8.94), a mean BMI of 30.20 (±6.84), and a mean waist circumference of 100.50 cm (±16.30).

Medical Characteristics

The psoriatic group exhibited carotid duplex values ranging from 0.07 to 0.15 (mean 0.09 ± SD 0.02). Systolic blood pressure ranged from 90-155 mmHg (mean 120.71 ± SD 13.42), and diastolic blood pressure ranged from 50-95 mmHg (mean 78.67 ± SD 10.19). 10% had hypertension, and 8% had diabetes. 20% had abnormal ECG results.

Lab Characteristics

Lab results showed elevated triglycerides in the psoriatic group (mean 194.50 ± SD 66.15) compared to controls (mean 140.25 ± SD 42.32). HDL levels were lower in the psoriatic group (mean 45.34 ± SD 11.06) compared to controls (mean 52.60 ± SD 12.49).

Genotype Analysis

Genotyping revealed an association between T.N.F alpha 238 G/A polymorphism and triglyceride levels. Individuals with the A allele had significantly higher triglyceride levels compared to those with the G allele (p < 0.05).

Discussion

This study highlights several important findings. Psoriatic patients exhibited higher waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, and abnormal carotid duplex values, indicating potential cardiovascular risk factors. Additionally, elevated triglyceride levels and lower HDL levels in psoriatic patients suggest a predisposition to metabolic disturbances.

The association between T.N.F alpha 238 G/A polymorphism and triglyceride levels suggests a genetic component in the metabolic dysregulation observed in psoriatic patients.

Conclusion

This study identifies significant differences in personal, anthropometric, medical, lab, and genotypic characteristics between psoriatic patients and controls. These findings contribute to our understanding of the factors associated with psoriasis and its potential cardiovascular implications. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic interventions for psoriatic patients with cardiovascular risks.