Assignment 01 – ACID and BASE in NoSQL Database Implementation

Introduction

In general, ACID compliant relational databases empower security and reliability over scalability and performance whereas NoSQL databases focus on availability while still struggling to maintain the ACID standards. Both relational databases (ACID compliant) and NoSQL databases (BASE compliant) have their own features and applications thus proving that none is top of the other. While most databases try to be compliant with both ACID and BASE, it simply is too difficult to implement in practicality. In this report we take a look at NoSQL databases that have successfully implemented ACID properties in real time.

ACID-Compliant Features in NoSQL Databases

NoSQL databases can be made ACID compliant by implementing some additional features that are characteristic of the ACID databases.

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They are listed below.

Commit Process: Ensures transaction completion across nodes, with rollback mechanisms for failovers, preserving atomicity.

Timestamping: Facilitates consistency across database nodes by verifying data against the most recent timestamps.

Transaction Locking: Provides isolation by locking nodes during transactions, preventing external interference.

Log File Tracking: Enhances durability by maintaining a transaction log for potential rollbacks.

The effects of these features on NoSQL databases that make them ACID compliant will be discussed on the following section along with relevant scenarios.

Detailed Analysis

Commit Process:
A critical component for updating nodes post-transaction and ensuring atomicity through rollback capabilities in event of failure.

Timestamping:
Maintains data consistency by ensuring transactions only proceed when involved nodes share identical timestamps.

Transaction Locking:
Implements isolation by locking related nodes during transactions, with mechanisms like exception handling to avoid deadlocks.

Log File Tracking:
Though challenging due to high transaction volumes, logging facilitates rollbacks, thus contributing to database durability.

Appendix: ACID Compliant NoSQL Databases

Database	Features	Documentation Link
Marklogic	Commit process, Journals	Marklogic ACID
FoundationDB	Application-defined transactions	FoundationDB Transactions
OrientDB	Multi-model, Sharding	OrientDB Transactions
Neo4j	Supports Indexing	Neo4j Transactions
RavenDB	Multi-Platform	RavenDB Transactions

Database

Features

Documentation Link

Marklogic

Commit process, Journals

Marklogic ACID

FoundationDB

Application-defined transactions

FoundationDB Transactions

OrientDB

Multi-model, Sharding

OrientDB Transactions

Neo4j

Supports Indexing

Neo4j Transactions

RavenDB

Multi-Platform

RavenDB Transactions

Bibliography

Marklogic's support for ACID transactions: Marklogic ACID Transactions
MongoDB's approach to ACID: How ACID MongoDB
Transactions in OrientDB: OrientDB Transactions
Transactional support in Neo4j: Neo4j Transactions
Transactional support in RavenDB: RavenDB Transactions
https://apple.github.io/foundationdb/transaction-manifesto.html
https://dzone.com/articles/how-acid-mongodb

The exploration of ACID compliance in NoSQL databases reveals advancements in ensuring data integrity, consistency, isolation, and durability, proving NoSQL's potential in scenarios requiring stringent transactional properties.