Technology, Internet and e-Government Systems

E-government requires government facilitations

Governmental challenge is one of the most recognized obstacles that hinder e-government systems implementation. In other words, e-government systems face major institutional challenges. Governments should facilitate access to technical and financial support for adopting e-government systems. Appropriate environment is necessary for the systems. Clearing this environment from any problems is first responsibility of public sectors. Both governmental and private sectors should assure the systems in the way that there will be succession of governing electronically.

E-government committed leadership

Any sector of our life needs good leadership.

Better leaders lead their organizations to better stages. Establishing effective and transparency systems is one of good leadership, which is a good characteristic of good governance.  E-government systems develop these and other better sides of governments. A committed leadership supports e-government systems to reach a progressed stage. Good governmental leadership is very important for adoption of e-government systems.

Leaders should be cost and information communication technology sensitives, and long-run visionary for stakeholders buy-in, resource savers, and facility providers for e-government to break the goal.

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For this reason, all governmental organizations must recognize e-government systems as their priority.  Leadership style, organizational structure, cultural moods, partnership, project coordination, cultural and institutional framework, personnel qualification and promotion norms affect e-government benefits and advantages. E-government systems insurance also needs other technical and financial services to be effective (Mothataesi & Mazebe, 2014).

Naturally, information communication technology depends on effective leadership. For a government, to be transparent, democratic or accountable and effective and efficient, there should be addressing the following challenges.

Committed, loyal and long run looker leader is crucial for e-government as it is true for any national issue. Sometimes it needs risk-taking decisions to overcome critical issues in breaking goals. 

E-government needs organizational structure

Traditionally, governmental organizations are hierarchical. This creates many obstacles between applications of technology and governmental leaders of organizations. To support e-government projects we need a high level routing committee. This committee will monitor implementation activities, ensure e-government investments plat forms and set clear mandates and positions or responsibilities for adopting e-government systems.

This committee designs supportive policies and guidelines, practice and processes styles and administration buy-in. government employees need well-arranged training to improve their understanding of the e-government systems models. When employees are well trained, they will fit immediately the technology progression and add awareness of its benefits because general awareness of this innovation is an important factor to accelerate the e-government adoption process at public and agencies level.  An appropriate institutional framework for e-government systems applications insurance assures not only emergency of all directional qualified development but also sustainability of that developmental insurance (Mothataesi & Mazebe, 2014). 

This is because there is no static working style, which leads toward advancement. Decisions, regulation frameworks, budget amounts and skill levels will be beyond the existing conditions. Since e-government systems require collective conflict resolving and problem solving, the whole governmental sectors may need to change their styles to fit the innovation (Misuraca, 2007). Even stakeholders (not-state actors) will be involved in institutional changes that they should cooperate with e-government leaders. 

E-government needs better human skill

E-government systems are technology-wise that they need a well trained stuff of personnels possessing enough skills. Developing human skills and capacities is always supportive in managing e-government systems. Well skilled human resource plays important role in integrating and sustainability of the systems.  Training and skills are fundamental and their absence causes chaotic conditions in e-government systems because those people who lack skills of utilization of technology are functionally disadvantaged of e-government services. This will be challenge of e-government systems in the real world as it is observed in some developing countries.  Both technical and financial assurance always result good government systems by facilitating its capacity to provide better services to its people. E-governance is also a knowledge creation and management. 

E-government needs high information communication technology literacy rate

Before implementing e-government systems, citizens should know how to use computer and internet services. Especially educated people should know how to use ICT products. Governments should work hard in avoiding ICT illiteracy in the meanwhile, they should facilitate applications of e-government. Developing countries, like Ethiopia, are expected to maximize ICT literacy rate in the way that their people can utilize services of e-governing systems. 

Social obstacles like illiteracy, backwardness and less in come are some of social challenges facing e-government systems. Internet access makes a society use e-government systems to benefit from it. Those who do not have this access or are not educated will be unable to use e-government systems.

E-government requires facilitated information communication technology infrastructure

E-government needs good Internet service and telecommunications structures. In most developing countries, these infrastructures are not well developed. High cost plus poor connections face e-government systems. Thus, governments should focus on connection quality and price per use. Otherwise, users may not be interested in using the systems. Infrastructure inadequacy is the number one hindrance in e-government adoption (Mothataesi & Mazebe, 2014, p. 112). This inadequacy may be related to either information communication technologies or telecommunication. This problem is common in most developing countries especially in Africa.

We can observe one of the most barrier of e-government implementation that is lack or weakness of information communication technology infrastructure. Telecommunication systems are vital for e-government systems. According to Ndou (2004), for appropriate sharing of information there must be good availability of internet access and open up new channels for communication and any other online services (Ndou V. , 2004). Lack of technological infrastructure is a major bottleneck for e-government systems adoption. To utilize the benefits of e-government systems, there should be appropriate e-government infrastructure.

E-government needs better internet and telecommunications infrastructures

E-government systems should have to get enough internet connection and telecommunication infrastructures. High cost of internet access and low hand width in both fixed line and wireless access networks are some of the challenges confronting e-government systems in developing countries (Silva, 2015, p. 316) in most developing countries there is insufficient technological framework of e-government systems.

Telecommunications facilities are not well developed (Fatile, 2012). Performances of e-government systems depend on internet connection. The weak internet connection cannot invite e-government utilization. Therefore, e-government systems must get fair internet connection to provide required advantages. Governments are expected to focus on network availabilities and strength before and after adopting these systems to provide citizens successful e-government systems (Gil-Garcia & Ramon, 2013)

E-government is affected by bureaucratic bottlenecks

Flexibility is the key in adopting e-government systems because technology needs it (Evans, 2017). Rigid bureaucracy system affects e-government systems. E-governance systems by nature ensure speed and flexibly system to get rid of time wasting thereby to fulfil all forms inefficiency. So, bureaucratic bottlenecks become counter-productive to e-governance.

E-government needs finance allocation

Unless governments promote a cost-effective risk layering of e-government systems implementation, succession in the electronic governance will be difficult. Thereby transformation from backwardness to modern style will be very slow. E-government systems can fail unless they are financed. Governments should rethink the role of e-government systems. They should provide the systems enough budget.

Lack of awareness of e-government adoption costs is a key obstacle to e-government systems. E-government costs are mostly intangible and few are not. Unless government pays attention to these costs, e-government systems will fail. This is what is observed in most developing countries. There are costs, which must be analyzed carefully to examine the risks and obstacles hindering e-government systems adoption before introducing the systems.  Since e-government projects stand for public services they should not be underfunded. They should be provided full-scale budget of adoption. In many developing countries e-government systems are adopted because they fail.

E-government needs government promotion

Among the key challenges that face e-government systems is promoting or enhancing system insurance. E-government systems face institutional, financial, technical, and operational challenges (Mahul & Stutley, 2010). I will try to discuss each of these challenges and potential solutions. Lack of programs to promote e-government benefits: - strong promotion is considered as one of the most powerful factors of successfulness of some new thing. For e-government systems adoption it plays an important role. Governmental sponsorship is very important for e-government systems implementation.  Naturally, technology adoption requires promotion and advertisement to accomplish its tasks (Digital) If government does not promote, no insurance to the systems. There must be Public-private partnerships regulatory framework.