Trust plays an important relationships concepts that really need to

Trust plays an important relationships concepts that really need to be clearly defined and understandable by people in all fields. The article main focus is about defining a trust topology, a study of or analysis or classification based on types or categories, to explain the concept of trust in e-commerce. The writers have begun their article by giving some stories about some people who have faced e-commerce trust issues. To show how e-commerce has been grown in the last several years, the writer has mentioned how people were seeking products and services in the past before e-commerce.

People were purchasing products and ordering services from people and vendors they know and trust. Because of the effect of the growth of populations and geographical movements, this quality verifying methodology is no longer available. Since e-commerce provides little opportunity to verify the quality of goods, people had to start using e-commerce. And since some people today don't have enough information and trust about these websites, they are facing trust issues with them.

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 The writers also mentioned that researchers have found the trust to be important to both virtual teams and e-commerce. This paper justifies and specifies a conceptual typology of trust constructs. It then defines the four resulting constructs and ten measurable subconstructs and relates them to other e-commerce concepts. The article also has defined the current state of trust definition in general among people from the ordinary level to experts and researchers. Then stated the importance of having an agreed-upon definition of trust.

The writer suggested creating a trust typology, creating a model of trust types, by analyzing the existing trust definitions. However, these definitions came from articles and books which were from the fields of psychology/social psychology, sociology/economics/political science, and either management or communications.

 After analysis, it showed that these definitions can be classified into two different groups, many of them could be categorized into different conceptual types, such as attitudes, beliefs, behaviors. Whereas others could be categorized as reflecting different referents: trust in something, trust in someone, or trust in a specific characteristic of someone (e.g., honesty). In terms of specific characteristics, 16 categories of trust-related characteristics were identified.

The writers have stated then the typology of related trust constructs that contain, categories and characteristics identified, mapping of literature trust definitions, an interdisciplinary model of high-level trust concepts, a model of e-commerce customer relationships trust constructs. Also, defined the conceptual definitions of trust constructs and conceptual definitions of trust subconstructs which are faith in humanity and trusting

Stance. The writers then started linking the trust constructs to the internet construct. 

After reading this article, I was able to notice that the writer's audiences are people in general and consumers in specific and people who work in the commercial field. The writer has provided clear diagrams, tables, and examples to prove and convey his ideas. 

To convince the reader, the writers have stated the reasons why he thinks the typology may be applicable. Then, after defining the model limitations, they concluded the article by summarizing the main points and the main ideas. The writers have called for further research by saying" The classification system presented in this article clarifies the

complexity by specifying categories for most existing trust meanings, thereby

facilitating meta-analyses of trust research (see Table 2).". Also, the writers have shown the benefits of this model especially on the e-commerce relationships by saying" The model will help researchers examine e-commerce customer relationships in new ways since it includes personal, institutional, and interpersonal concepts.".

Journal/Source Description

International Journal of Electronic Commerce is a journal from the United States of America.

Its subject areas and categories are: business, management and accounting

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business and international management economics, econometrics and finance

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economics and econometrics. Its publisher is M.E. Sharpe Inc. And its ISSN is 10864415.

It is the leading refereed quarterly devoted to advancing the understanding and practice of electronic commerce. It serves the needs of researchers as well as practitioners and executives involved in electronic commerce. The Journal aims to offer an integrated view of the field by presenting approaches of multiple disciplines. Listed by Business 2.0 magazine as the best, most essential academic journal in e-business. Ranked #1 for quality among journals publishing e-commerce research by Communications of the ACM.?

The Journal accepts empirical and interpretive submissions that make a significant novel contribution to this field. Such contributions may present:

experimental, theoretical, or survey-based research, relevant to the progress of electronic commerce.

paradigmatic designs and applications.

investigation of organizational, societal, and international issues of electronic commerce.

Researchers and authors are invited to submit manuscripts for publication in the International Journal of Electronic Commerce.?

Research Implications

In my final report, I will recommend researchers who are willing to write any research related to trust (not exclusively in the e-commerce field only) to go through this article. So, they can have clear concepts, definitions, and ideas about trust.

I also suggest the readers who are facing e-commerce trust issues to read this article, so they can overcome their problems.

Since my project is majorly about the trust concepts in the e-commerce field, this article helped me a lot in understanding the concepts of trust clearly and the deep relationships between trust and e-commerce. It helped me in realizing how the definitions and concepts of trust can differ between people. Now I have an idea about how trust is defined in all different points of view and different fields such as psychologically, socially, and economically. We can use this article to well define the trust concepts to our audiences. Also, it shows the strong relationship between trust and e-commerce. 

Article Reliability

From my opinion, I think that the writers are very reasonable and reliable since they majorly rely on trusted researches and other resources. Most of their ideas were proved that they came after deep analyzing of previous researches. This helped them in appearing as professional writers.

I searched about the writers' biography and I found that Harrison McKnight obtained a Ph.D. in Management Information Systems (MIS) from the University of Minnesota in 1997. After a four year stint at Florida State University, he joined Michigan State University in 2001. He primarily conducts behavioral field research, focusing on trust in technology, Sharing Economy trust, initial trust, trust building, trust change over time, what trust means, trust repair, Expectation Disconfirmation Theory, and technical employee retention. His most highly cited works are about Initial Trust, Definitions and Meanings of Trust and Distrust, and Measuring Trust via Surveys. ?

Norman Chervany is the Carlson Professor of Information and Decision Sciences - Emeritus in the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. He also held a joint appointment in the Supply Chain and Operations Department.Norm joined the Carlson School in the fall of 1967, retiring in May of 2015. His areas of teaching and research expertise focus on the people-and-organization-centered issues in the effective use of information and statistical technologies. In addition, he worked in the strategy and strategic planning areas.

In addition to his teaching and research work, Norm held a variety of management positions in the Carlson School.  He was Chair of the Management Science Department, Director of MBA Programs, and Director of Executive Programs.  At the University level, Norm was a member of the Faculty Senate, a member of the Senate Committee on Educational Policy, and the Faculty Representative for Men's Athletics to the NCAA, the Big Ten, and the Western Collegiate Hockey Association.?

It was clear for me from the resources and the citations listed, that all facts and ideas presented in this article are reliable. At the end of the article, there is a list of references contain both online sources and offline sources which make the article more reliable. Some of the sources used in the article are books, journals, and conferences.

I came up with this opinion after doing some researches on the resources listed. All of them were from trusted and scientific. None of them was based on personal opinions such as blogs and other social media that do not have any reliability strength. Also, I found these references in the Saudi Digital Library and as we know, it is one of the most reliable online sources.