Acknowledgement

The success of any task relies on the efforts made by a person, but it cannot be achieved without the cooperation of other persons who are being helpful. So, we would like to thank Government Engineering Collage, Modasa and Computer Engineering for giving us the opportunity of doing this project.

The entire session of our phase I completion was a great experience providing us with the insight & invocation into learning various software engineering concepts & benefits of teamwork. We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to all those people without whose support and cooperation, it would have been difficult to complete this project.

Primarily, we are very much thankful to our project guide Mr. Nilesh Narendra Maltare for his leading guidance and sincere efforts throughout project work. He took a deep interest in simplifying the difficulties. Also, he has been a consistent source of inspiration for us.

Introduction

Project Summary

Sentiment is an attitude, thought, or judgment prompted by feeling.

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Sentiment analysis, which is also known as opinion mining, studies people's sentiments towards certain entities. Internet is a resourceful place with respect to sentiment itformation. From a user's perspective, people are able to post their own content through various social media, such as fotums, micro-blogs, or online social networking sites. From a researcher's perspective, many social media sites release their application programming interfaces (APIs), prompting data collection and analysis by researchers and developers. For instance, Twitter currently has three different versions of APIs available, namely the REST API, the Search API, and the Streaming API.

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With the REST API, developers are able to gather status data and user information; the Search API allows developers to query specific Twitter content, whereas the Streaming API is able to collect Twitter content in real time. Moreover, developers can mix those APIs to create their own applications. Hence, sentiment analysis seems having a strong fundament with the support of massive online data.

Project Purpose

The main purpose of our system is as follows:

  • To reduce the time spent in analyzing tweets.
  • To computerize the sentiment analysis.
  • To reduce cost and time .
  • To eliminate the need of reading each review/comment.
  • To facilitate filter/searching of tweets.

Scope

  • This system provides a solution for automatic analysis of tweets.
  • Fast and reliable data within few clicks.
  • Companies, studios even individuals can use it.
  • Provides graphs/charts for visual representation.
  • It also provides a facility for feedback.

Requirement Study

Technology and Literature Review

Within the technology, we are using Python,JAVA with MongoDB as Backend. For the frontend, we are using HTML5, CSS3, Bootstrap, JavaScript, jQuery, Ajax, Spring Boot.

Front-end:

HTML5:

HTML 5 is a markup language used for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web. It is the fifth and current major version of the HTML standard and subsumes XHTML. It currently exists in two standardized forms: HTML 5.2 Recommendation by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C, a broad coalition of organizations), intended primarily for Web content developers; and HTML Living Standard by WHATWG (a small consortium of four browser vendors), intended primarily for browser developers, though it also exists in an abridged Web developer version. There are minor conflicts between the two groups' specifications. HTML 5 was first released in a public-facing form on 22 January 2008, with a major update and "W3C Recommendation" status in October 2014. Its goals are to improve the language with support for the latest multimedia and other new features; to keep the language both easily readable by humans and consistently understood by computers and devices such as Web browsers, parsers, etc., without XHTML's rigidity; and to remain backward-compatible with older software. HTML 5 is intended to subsume not only HTML 4, but also XHTML 1 and DOM Level 2 HTML; the HTML 4 and XHTML specs were announced as superseded by HTML 5.2 on 27 March 2018.

CSS3:

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript.CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors, and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple web pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content. Separation of formatting and content also makes it feasible to present the same markup page in different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (via speech-based browser or screen reader), and on Braille-based tactile devices. CSS also has rules for alternate formatting if the content is accessed on a mobile device.

SpringBoot:

Spring Boot is an open source Java-based framework used to create a Micro Service. It is developed by Pivotal Team. Spring Boot contains a comprehensive infrastructure support for developing a micro service and enables you to develop enterprise-ready applications that you can "just run".

Bootstrap:

Bootstrap is a free and open-source front-end framework for designing websites and web applications. It contains HTML- and CSS-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components, as well as optional JavaScript extensions. Unlike many earlier web frameworks, it concerns itself with front-end development only. Bootstrap is the second most-starred project on GitHub, with more than 126,000 stars.

JavaScript:

JavaScript often abbreviated as JS, is a high-level, interpreted programming language. It is a language that is also characterized as dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based and multi-paradigm. Alongside HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the three core technologies of the World Wide Web. JavaScript enables interactive web pages and thus is an essential part of web applications. The vast majority of websites use it, and all major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute it. As a multi-paradigm language, JavaScript supports event-driven, functional, and imperative (including object-oriented and prototype-based) programming styles. It has an API for working with text, arrays, dates, regular expressions, and basic manipulation of the DOM, but the language itself does not include any I/O, such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities, relying for these upon the host environment in which it is embedded. Initially only implemented client-side in web browsers, JavaScript engines are now embedded in many other types of host software, including server-side in web servers and databases, and in non-web programs such as word processors and PDF software, and in runtime environments that make JavaScript available for writing mobile and desktop applications, including desktop widgets. Although there are strong outward similarities between JavaScript and Java, including language name, syntax, and respective standard libraries, the two languages are distinct and differ greatly in design; JavaScript was influenced by programming languages such as Self and Scheme.

jQuery:

jQuery is a cross-platform JavaScript library designed to simplify the client-side scripting of HTML. It is free, open-source software using the permissive MIT License. Web analysis indicates that it is the most widely deployed JavaScript library by a large margin. jQuery's syntax is designed to make it easier to navigate a document, select DOM elements, create animations, handle events, and develop Ajax applications. jQuery also provides capabilities for developers to create plug-ins on top of the JavaScript library. This enables developers to create abstractions for low-level interaction and animation, advanced effects and high-level, theme-able widgets. The modular approach to the jQuery library allows the creation of powerful dynamic web pages and Web applications. The set of jQuery core features DOM element selections, traversal, and manipulation enabled by its selector engine (named "Sizzle" from v1.3), created a new "programming style", fusing algorithms and DOM data structures. This style influenced the architecture of other JavaScript frameworks like YUI v3 and Dojo, later stimulating the creation of the standard Selectors API. Microsoft and Nokia bundle jQuery on their platforms. Microsoft includes it with Visual Studio for use within Microsoft's ASP.NET AJAX and ASP.NET MVC frameworks while Nokia has integrated it into the Web Run-Time widget development platform.

Ajax:

Ajax is a set of Web development techniques using many Web technologies on the client-side to create asynchronous Web applications. With Ajax, Web applications can send and retrieve data from a server asynchronously (in the background) without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page. By decoupling the data interchange layer from the presentation layer, Ajax allows Web pages, and by extension Web applications, to change content dynamically without the need to reload the entire page. In practice, modern implementations commonly utilize JSON instead of XML due to the advantages of JSON being native to JavaScript. Ajax is not a single technology, but rather a group of technologies. HTML and CSS can be used in combination to mark up and style information. The webpage can then be modified by JavaScript to dynamically display - and allow the user to interact with the new information. The built-in XML, Request object within JavaScript is commonly used to execute Ajax on webpages allowing websites to load content onto the screen without refreshing the page. Ajax is not a new technology, or a different language, just existing technologies used in new ways.

Back-end:

Python:

Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Python's simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and therefore reduces the cost of program maintenance. Python supports modules and packages, which encourages program modularity and code reuse.

JAVA:

Java is a general-purpose programming language that is class-based, object-oriented, and designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

MongoDB:

MongoDB is a cross-platform document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database program, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with schema. MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and licensed under the Server Side Public License.

Project Planning

Software Development Process Model:

Spiral Model - A Combination of Iterative and Waterfall Models:

Tagged as a union of the waterfall and iterative models, the Spiral Model begins with a small set of requirements which are compared at every stage of software development to ensure their perfect matching. Every phase of a spiral model is initiated according to the design goal of your client, ending with a client review.

The word Spiral is apt for this model as the team of software developers working on a project add functionalities to the requirements in the pattern of broadening spirals till such time the entire application is ready to move on to the production phase.

Apt for large and medium-risk projects, a spiral model can be employed to projects which demand frequent releases. Best suited to projects which have vague or complex specifications, this model helps developers make changes to the code at any point in time.

The Spiral Model comprises of four stages: -

  1. Planning: This stage delves into estimates of cost, resources, and schedules that would be iterative in nature. Planning also involves the overall understanding of the system requirements between you as a system analyst and your client.
  2. Risk Analysis: The second phase focuses on identifying potential threats through the formulation of a risk mitigation strategy that is jotted and finalized.
  3. Software Engineering: The 3rd stage concerns testing, coding and deploying software at the client's site.
  4. Evaluation: Your client steps in, and evaluates your software keeping in mind the risks of cost overrunning and missing delivery schedules.

Advantages of Spiral model:

  • A high amount of risk analysis hence, avoidance of Risk is enhanced.
  • Good for large and mission-critical projects.
  • Strong approval and documentation control.
  • Additional Functionality can be added at a later date.
  • Software is produced early in the software life cycle.

Disadvantages of Spiral model:

  • It can be a costly model to use.
  • Risk analysis requires highly specific expertise.
  • The project's success is highly dependent on the risk analysis phase.
  • It doesn't work well for smaller projects.

Why Select Particular Process Model? Match with Your project

Criteria for Selecting Software Process Models:

  • When costs and risk evaluation is important
  • For medium to high-risk projects
  • Long-term project commitment unwise because of potential changes to economic priorities
  • Users are unsure of their needs
  • Requirements are complex
  • New product line
  • Significant changes are expected (research and exploration)

System Requirement Study

User Characteristics

There are two groups of users using the system:

Admin:

Admin installs our whole system and maintains the server so that the system works properly.

User:

Uses filters and search facility to fetch the tweets and uses the sentiment analysis feature to get a brief about the sentiments in tweets , also graphs and charts are provided with some examples.

Hardware Requirement (Client-Side)

  • Processor: Any Device with Internet Connection and browser
  • RAM: Minimum 126 MB

Software Requirement (Server-Side)

  • Operating system: Windows 10
  • Browser: Chrome / Mozilla Firefox / Internal Explorer, etc.
  • Front End: HTML5, CSS3, Bootstrap, Ajax, JavaScript, jQuery, SpringBoot.
  • Back End: Python ,JAVA with MySQL

Design

Study of Current System

The current Review analyzing is quite infeasible , inefficient and very expensive . Each and every review is to be read and understood which can take months on a big data set . There are some tweet analysis apps out there which are not as realible and accurate because they don't have feedback system and only use one source of operation.

Problem & Weakness of Current System

  • Current Systems are less efficient
  • Less reliable and accurate.
  • Time-consuming process.

SWOT Analysis :

Strengths and opportunities:

  • The user can analyse as many as 10,000 tweets which would rather manually take months to do.
  • The user gets a chance to choose and filter his data set.
  • Also provided with graphs and charts for visualy understading and sharing.

Weakness:

  • Tweets in different languages are discarded.
  • Mixed feelings in a Tweet can be misjudged.
  • Typos are rejected , which might completely change the sentiment.
  • Filtering only works on tags.

Threats:

  • Intent of an analysis is not checked, hence data can be used for or against a good cause .

Feasibility Study

The feasibility study is an important step in any software development process. This is because it makes an analysis of different aspects like cost required for developing and executing the system, the time required for each phase of the system and so on.

The preliminary investigation examines project feasibility, the likelihood the system will be useful to the organization. The main objective of the feasibility study is to test the Technical, Operational and Economical feasibility for adding new modules and debugging old running systems. All system is feasible if they are unlimited resources and infinite time. There are aspects in the feasibility study portion of the preliminary investigation:

  1. Technical Feasibility
  2. Operation Feasibility
  3. Economic Feasibility

Technical Feasibility

The technical issue usually raised during the feasibility stage of the investigation includes the following:

  • Necessary technology possibly exist.
  • The proposed equipment have the technical capacity to hold the data required to use the new system.
  • The proposed system provide an adequate response to inquiries, regardless of the number or location of users.
  • There are technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and data security.

Operational Feasibility

Proposed projects are beneficial only if they can be turned out into an information system. That will meet the organization's operating requirements. Operational feasibility aspects of the project are to be taken as an important part of the project implementation. Some of the important issues raised are to test the operational feasibility of a project includes the following: -

  • There is sufficient support for the management from the users.
  • The system will be used and work properly if it is being developed and implemented.
  • There will be any resistance from the user that will undermine the possible application benefits.

Economic Feasibility

A system can be developed technically and that will be used if installed must still be a good investment for the organization. In the economic feasibility, the development cost in creating the system is evaluated against the ultimate benefit derived from the new systems.

Design Engineering Canvas

Empathy mapping canvas

The empathy map was created as a tool to help you gain an understanding of a targeted persona. Thus, you can use it when you want to deliver a better user experience of your product/service. In the process, the exercise can also help you identify the things you don't know about your users yet so you can carry out new research to fill in those gaps.

AEIOU Canvas

AEIOU is a heuristic to help interpret observations gathered by ethnographic practice in the industry. Its two primary functions are to code data, and to develop building blocks of models that will ultimately address the objectives and issues of a client.

Ideation Canvas

Within the Ideation phase, we select a test case where we have more have emotional attachment and solutions for the problem faced by the people in the selected test case are considered further.

Product development Canvas

The purpose of this service is to design and implement a good and efficient service for RTO.

Conclusion

After the idea is implemented it will be easier to analyse tweets in bulk and visualize the sentiments with graphs and charts, it also provides reliability and accuracy as multiple libraries are used and also has a feedback section for wrongly analysed tweets.

Updated: May 19, 2021
Cite this page

Sentiment Analysis of Tweets. (2019, Dec 18). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/sentiment-analysis-of-tweets-essay

Sentiment Analysis of Tweets essay
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