A Brief Overview of Cell Organelles: Nuc Flag ER Mito Chlora Golgi Ves and Lys

1. What are Nuc, Flag, ER, Mito, Chlora, Golgi, Ves and Lys short for? What does each of these

organelles do in a cell?

Answer: Nuc is short for nucleus; the functions for a nucleus is information storage, transmission, ribosome subunit assembly, and structural support. Flag stands for flagella; the flagella is a tail-like piece of the cell that allows it to swim through liquid. ER stands for endoplasmic reticulum; the endoplasmic reticulum is used for protein synthesis and processing. Mito is short for mitochondrion; the mitochondrion is in charge of making energy (ATP production).

Golgi is short for golgi apparatus; golgi does the protein, lipid, and carbohydrate processing.

Ves is short for vesicle; the vesicle’s function is to store things. Finally, Lys is short for lysosomes; a lysosome is used to break up food in the cell.

2. What is the autogenic hypothesis of the origin of the eukaryotic cell?

Answer: The autogenic hypothesis is that a prokaryotic cell slowly but surely evolved on it’s own to the eukaryotic cell.

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3. What is the evidence that supports the autogenic hypothesis?

Answer: The evidence that supports the autogenic hypothesis is that transfer of DNA occurs between bacteria species.

4. What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis?

Answer: The endosymbiotic hypothesis is that a prokaryotic cell “ate” smaller organelles which evolved into what they are today.

5. What is the evidence for the endosymbiotic hypothesis?

Answer: The evidence that supports this is because mitochondrion and chloroplast both have a “brother” cell; the cells are extremely alike. The “brother” cell is a prokaryotic cell.

6. What are the comparative strengths and weaknesses of the two hypotheses?

Answer: The comparative strengths and weaknesses of the two hypotheses are that there are ways that we could reenact the cell eating the other little prokaryotic.