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Manufacture Of Sodium Starch GlycolateSubmitted by: Shama Faryad (F2017140021)Submitted To: Dr. Sohail NadeemDepartemnt of ChemistrySchool of scienceUNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY LAHORECase Study:-Manufacture Of Sodium Starch GlycolateIntroduction:-Sodium starch glycolate is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl .the sources of sodium starch glycolates are wheat,c0rn,potato,rice.Sodium starch glycoate has a colour of white to off-white, tasteless, odorless, and it is free flowing powder. It can be prepared from large amount of foods that contain starch like corn, wheat, rice and potatoes.

It not cause any kind of side effects in most people, conditional on the source it could cause antagonistic effects for certain individuals.Sodium starch glycolate is insoluble in water and insoluble in most organic solvent. [1]It can be found in form of oval, rounded, irregularly shaped, or spherical granules. These granules also swelling upon connection with water.[2]It can also be prepared from food that contain starch such as corn, wheat, and rice.Sodium carboxymethyl starch is a starch ether imitative derived from starch.

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It is water soluble at room temperature and also forms a transparent to light milklike and viscous like solution. [3]CMS is an best starch with prefer properties that have negatively charged functional group (CH2COO-). The introduction of carboxymethyl groups disturbs the ordered structure of native starch and intrudes with the re-unite of gelatinized starch.Sodium starch glycolate is chemically directed carbohydrate that is derived from Native starch viz. Maize, Potato, Tapioca & Rice.These Sodium Carboxy Methyl starch and solution are basic in nature and have the ability to replace sodium car-boxy methyl cellulose in fields like textile sizing & printing, corrugated paper, paper sizing, oil well drilling, water based distemper, oil bound distemper, electrodes, ceramics, pesticides, foundry, adhesives and others.

[2] It is produced by cross-linking and carboxy methylation of potato starch.Pharmaceutical companies add sodium starch glycolate to capsules and tablets to help make them disintegrate and dissolve better, making it easier for your body to absorb the medication.It can also be used to help form gels.[3]Properties:-White or powder.It is Insoluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and other organic solvents.It is soluble in cold water, abrupt take water & swell in 15 minutes.It has ability to absorbed water ~ 30 times comparing to original volume.In the existence of acid and metal salts, will produce a white turbidity or precipitation. It is non toxic.[9]Literature review:-Sodium starch glycolate is prepared by a slurry method. Take 5g of starch in 150ml isopropanol and stirred it continuously and 15ml of 8 to 30% (wjv) aqueous NaOH added in this dropwise during 10 min at room temperature and stirred it continusly for 1hr and during this activate the starch and about sodium monochloroacetate that is 6g add in this.then mixture of this put on waterbath at 55 degreecentigrade for 5hr and stirring this.the mixture then filtered and it suspended in 300ml of methanol and neturalized with acetic acid.the product then washed with with ethanol and dried at 60 degreecentigrade.the DS was measured then and from this white colour product obtained and ground it into fine particles.the yield obtained 8-10gm.-4670885545160Infrared spectral study helps in confirm the preparation of sodium starch glycolate. The spectra of Na-PCMS samples were taken in KBr pellets using a FfIR inkjet nicolet 400D spectrophotometer. Figure 1 represents the IR spectra of Na-PCMS. The key peaks are shown at 3400 cm -1 and 1635 and 1440cm- l .[4]Other methods OF PREPARATION:-STEPS OF PREPARATION:4200211420244Mixt put on water bath at 55degree cent for 5hr with continuously stirring00Mixt put on water bath at 55degree cent for 5hr with continuously stirring-6029014403415g of starch add in 150 ml isopropanol stirred continously ,15ml of 8 to 30 perce aqu NAOH add droplike 005g of starch add in 150 ml isopropanol stirred continously ,15ml of 8 to 30 perce aqu NAOH add droplike 1627728165351During 10 minute at room temp stirring continuous for 1hr to activate the starch and 6gm sodium monocholoacetate addedSSS00During 10 minute at room temp stirring continuous for 1hr to activate the starch and 6gm sodium monocholoacetate addedSSSSTEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 205891410837Mixtu then filtered suspended in 300ml of methanol and neutralized with acetic acid 0Mixtu then filtered suspended in 300ml of methanol and neutralized with acetic acid STEP 4-683287-643095Product then wellwashed with with ethanol and dried at 60 .the DS measured.the white colour product obtained then ground in fine parti00Product then wellwashed with with ethanol and dried at 60 .the DS measured.the white colour product obtained then ground in fine parti1919235-582803The yield was 8-10gm.infrared spectral analysis help in confirmation of sodium starch glycolate.00The yield was 8-10gm.infrared spectral analysis help in confirmation of sodium starch glycolate. STSSSSEP 4XSSSTEP 4,5Structural unit:-An idealised structure unit of sodium starch glycolateClassification:-Depend on the empirical formula and molecular weight, sodium starch glycolate can be divided into two types: type A and type B.depend on pH value, it is divided into three types that is type C. Type A and Type B are sodium salts of cross-linked, partly O-carboxymethylated potato starch.and, type C is obtained as sodium salt of partly O-carboxymethylated starch, cross-linked by physical dehydration.[5]Type A, B, and C can be different from each other by analyse their pH, sodium, and sodium chloride content. Comparison:-TESTS TYPE A TYPE B TYPE CPH 5.5-7.53.0-5 3.0-7Sodium glycolate 7 6 4perSodium chloride 2 2 1perHeavy metal 20 19 20ppmiron 0.02 0.02 1ppmUses:-companies used sodium starch glycolate to make capsules and tablets to benefit dissolve better, make best for your body to absorb the medication.It can also be used to make gels.[6]In more concentration, it can be used as a dissolution acing age.Sodium starch glycolate can best when used as an intragranular or extragranular disintegrant. Tablets or capsules that are formed by using sodium starch glycolate have best properties of storage, due to its physical properties such as stability and hygroscopic nature.[7]By prevent caking caking, sodium starch glycolate should be set in a closed bottle like container. This can protect it from changes in temperature and humidity.[8]Refereences:- Dave RH. Overview of pharmaceutical excipients used in tablets and capsules. Drug Topics (online). Advanstar. 10/24/2008 Accessed 08/19/2011 Pformulate. Excipients. Sodium Starch Glycolate. 2004. Accessed October 17, 2011Pformulate. Excipients. Sodium Starch Glycolate. 2008. Accessed October 17, 2016Dragan, F.; Kacso, I.; Dreve, S.; Martin, F.; Borodi, G.; Bratu, I.; Earar, K. Compatibility Study of Ibuprofen with Some Excipients Employed for Solid Dosage Forms. Rev. Chim. 2015, 66 (2), 191-195.Dai, W.; Pan, X.; Chen, S.; Chen, C.; Chen, W.; Zhang, H.; Ye, Z. ZnO homojunction UV photodetector based on solution-grown Sb-doped p-type ZnO nanorods and pure n-type ZnO nanorods. RSC Adv. 2015, 5 (9), 6311-6314.Dave RH. Overview of pharmaceutical excipients used in tablets and capsules. Drug Topics (online). Advanstar. 10/24/2008 Accessed 08/19/2011Roberts J.: [in] Starch: Chemistry and Technology, vol. II (Edited by Whistler, R.L. and Paschall, E.F.), Academic Press, New York, 1967, 293-350. Lammers, G., Stamhuis, E J. and Beenackers, A.A.C.M., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 32, 1993, 835-842. Dawson H.M., Pyckock, E.R.: J. Chem. Soc., 1934, 778-783. [11] Spurlin H.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 61, 1939, 2222-2227