Digital signal processing for music

Categories: ElectronicsMusic

ABSTRACT

Practice is an important factor in learning. Learning to play a musical instrument involves many hours of practice. Options available for learners are Online Recorded Videos of YouTube, Websites with step-by-step instructions, Offline Training. But what when one is learning using internet where he/she is not having an expert to help? In such cases it becomes difficult as in learning one needs someone to help them with their mistakes and even in case of offline training, when it comes to practice away from your teacher, it becomes difficult.

This project examines the role musical instrument skills, including user's needs and provides solutions to instrument learning problems. One of the provided solutions is note identification module, in which Person would be given a note and he is expected to identify it. In audio to note conversion module, When user plays the music,system recognize it, it extracts Tabs/Notes and stores them in printable text format. In accuracy checker module, either User will play according to the notes provided and from that user will be given the percentage indicating how accurate he/she played or user will upload file and then user can check his/her accuracy with that uploaded track.

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This would help learner when practicing far from teacher as practicing is a very important aspect. In making of own music module Learner can even create his own music, record it and store it. He can listen it whenever he wants, Even can practice it with the help of accuracy checker, which means user can have comparison with their own music.

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Introduction

Problem summary

Learning to play a musical instrument involves many hours of practice.Options available for learning are: Online Recorded Videos in YouTube, Websites with step-by-step instruction, Offline Training. When learning is done in surveillance of expert, you have someone to help you with you to tell you your mistakes, but when it comes to practice away from expert/teacher that is whether there is no-one to correct, it become difficult and even the expert can't tell learner how much accurate he played. When one starts learning from internet even at that time also person doesn't have anyone to help, correct.

Aim and objective of the Project

Main objective is to provide users a way to learn and practice the harmonium that is it helps user in practising away from their teacher. It provides users information about their accuracy i.e. user can check their accuracy by comparing their played file with some other file.

Problem Specification

This mobile application will allow user to learn and practice the harmonium away from expert and have the accuracy percentages of the music played by them. User can even know whether he/she is improving or not as app will provide progress chart.

Literature Review and Prior Art Search

  • · MATLAB
  • For signal processing, we learned MATLAB from college professor.
  • · Getting started with related android packages related to this project
  • We referred some material, books and online videos.
  • · Getting started with the digital signal processing algorithm

The objective of this project is to create a tool for learning for musicians, producers, composers, teachers and music students. This project can be treated as a box, where you give any song as input and get the features of the song out. The aim of this project is to propose method to analyze and describe a signal, from where the musical parameters can be easily and objectively obtained, in a sensible manner. A common limitation found in the musical literature is that the way in which such parameters are obtained is intuitively satisfactory but, to our view, not very from a signal processing perspective.

Sampling:

When a sound wave is created by your voice (or a musical instrument), it's an analog wave of changing air pressure. However, in order for a computer to store a sound wave, it need to record discrete value in discrete time intervals. The process of recording discrete time values is called sampling.

Frequency and Fourier transforms:

A Fourier transform provides the means to break up a complicated signal.This method involves many integrals and continuous signal. We want to perform a Fourier transform on sampled signal, so we have to use the Fast Fourier Transform.

Procedure

To process the audio file , first we need to give input to MATLAB. As we are concerned with frequency of audio only , Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is applied on the inputted file so that we can have the output in frequency domain because FFT samples a signal over a period of time and divides it into its frequency components . The musical sound is a composite of many harmonics. fundamental frequency is the significant part of a wave for conversion. Harmonics occur at integral multiples of frequency. The fundamental frequency gives the sound its pitch.The peak detector unit uses the digital sate of the sound wave for detecting fundamental frequencies.

General Description Requirements

Analysis

Introduction

When a sound wave is created by your voice (or a musical instrument), it's an analog wave .However, in order for a computer to store a sound wave, it needs to record discrete values at discrete time intervals. The process of recording discrete time values is called sampling.In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous-time signal to a discrete-time signal. A common example is the conversion of a sound wave (a continuous signal) to a sequence of samples (a discrete-time signal). A sample is a value or set of values at a point in time and/or space.

A voice signal inputted from microphone is analog signal , which is to be delivered to the DSP for the extraction of notes . Before processing by the DSP happens analog signal need to stored and for that sampling need to be done. So in the process of getting the dominating frequencies , we need to sample the signal.

 Fourier Transform

The Fourier transform (FT) decomposes a function of time (a signal) into the frequencies that make it up.FFT is based on divide and conquer algorithm where you divide the signal into two smaller signals, compute the DFT of the two smaller signals and join them to get the DFT of the larger signal. We want to perform a Fourier transform on a sampled signal, so we have used the Fast Fourier Transform .

Detection

After FFT has been applied on the signal , we are suppose to identify the fundamental frequencies . A pure tone is the sound of only one frequency. The fundamental frequency has the greatest amplitude and is heard predominantly. The other frequencies such as 2fo, 3fo, 4fo,... are called overtones or harmonics and they determine the quality of the sound.

Identification

Once the fundamental frequencies are determined the played notes can be identified from the output obtained by comparing the values of frequencies .pure tone is the sound having only one frequency.so for the time interval during with note is being played , only 1 frequency appears if we plot it on the graph as shown in the graph. So for identification of note we have used this concept.

Design Methodology

In this chapter, we have described the entire system using various diagrams like system flow diagram, use case diagram, activity diagrams etc.

Implementation Strategy

Audio to Note Conversion

In this module user is supposed to play music and system will generate harmonium notes for given music.For that user has to click on start button and start playing music and he is supposed to hit stop button when playing is done.After then user click on show result and harmonium notes for played music is displayed.

Accuracy Checker

User is given two choices for selecting file1 either he ca select from his saved tracks or system tracks.Then he choose what he want to compare with his saved track or with live music. If he play live music then audio convert into notes.Now comparison between two text file(notes of two tracks)is made and accuracy is calculated.

Progress Chart

Conclusion

This app can be used any time and anywhere.It will provide personal assistance to each user as step by step instruction is provided to user.It will analyse growth on a regular basis apparently this will increase user's confidence.This will help user to understand how he is improving.It will enable user to practice harmonium and skills assessment.This app will be time saver as user don't have to write notes of composed music because all data is stored. Similarly finding composed music will also be much easier.

Updated: May 19, 2021
Cite this page

Digital signal processing for music. (2019, Nov 24). Retrieved from https://studymoose.com/digital-signal-processing-for-music-essay

Digital signal processing for music essay
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